FreeBSD Quarterly Status Report - Fourth Quarter 2015

From: Benjamin Kaduk <bjk_at_freebsd.org>
Date: Wed, 3 Feb 2016 23:35:28 -0500 (EST)
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FreeBSD Project Quarterly Status Report: October - December 2015

   The fourth quarter of 2015 saw a great deal of activity for FreeBSD.
   This is now the third quarter running for which I can say that this is
   the largest report yet published! Many thanks to everyone who
   proactively submitted topics and entries -- it is great to have more
   complete coverage of ongoing development for the community to learn
   about in these reports.

   An experimental new Triage Team was formed this quarter to create a new
   way for community members to participate, and to improve issue
   management and productivity in general. Making more effective use of
   automation and tooling can help to increase developer productivity and
   the quality of FreeBSD, just as the adoption of Jenkins and continual
   integration tooling catches regressions quickly and maintains the high
   standards for the system.

   Efforts to bring our BSD high standards to new architectures continue,
   with impressive work on arm64 leading to its promotion to Tier-2 status
   and a flurry of work bringing up the new RISC-V hardware architecture.
   Software architecture is also under active development, including
   system startup and service management. A handful of potential init
   system replacements are mentioned in this report: launchd, relaunchd,
   and nosh. Architectural changes originating both from academic research
   (multipath TCP) and from the realities of industry (sendfile(2)
   improvements) are also under way. It is heartening to see how FreeBSD
   provides a welcoming platform for contributions from both research and
   industry.

   To all the readers, whether from academia or industry, hobbyist or
   professional: I hope you are as excited as I am to read about all of
   the progress and projects covered in this report, and the future of
   FreeBSD!

   --Ben Kaduk
     __________________________________________________________________

   The deadline for submissions covering the period from January to March
   2016 is April 7, 2016.
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD Team Reports

     * FreeBSD Release Engineering Team
     * Issue Tracking (Bugzilla)
     * The FreeBSD Core Team
     * The FreeBSD Issue Triage Team

Projects

     * CAM I/O Scheduler
     * Encrypted Kernel Crash Dumps
     * Jenkins Continuous Integration for FreeBSD
     * Mellanox iSCSI Extensions for RDMA (iSER) Support
     * MIPS: Ralink/Mediatek Support
     * Multipath TCP for FreeBSD
     * OpenBSM
     * Raspberry Pi: VideoCore Userland Application Packaging
     * RCTL Disk IO Limits
     * Root Remount
     * Routing Stack Update
     * The Graphics Stack on FreeBSD
     * The nosh Project
     * UEFI Boot and Framebuffer Support

Kernel

     * Chelsio iSCSI Offload Driver (Initiator and Target)
     * FreeBSD Integration Services (BIS)
     * FreeBSD Xen
     * Improvements to the QLogic HBA Driver
     * iMX.6 Video Output Support
     * ioat(4) Driver Enhancements
     * Kernel Vnode Cache Tuning
     * Mellanox Drivers
     * Minimal Kernel with PNP-Based Autoloading
     * MMC Stack Under CAM Framework
     * ntb_hw(4)/if_ntb(4) Driver Synced up to Linux
     * Out of Memory Handler Rewrite
     * sendfile(2) Improvements
     * sysctl Enhancements
     * Touchscreen Support for Raspberry Pi and Beaglebone Black

Architectures

     * armv6 Hard Float Default ABI
     * FreeBSD on Marvell Armada38x
     * FreeBSD on Newer ARM Boards
     * FreeBSD on SoftIron Overdrive 3000
     * FreeBSD/arm64
     * FreeBSD/RISC-V
     * Improvements for ARMv6/v7 Support

Userland Programs

     * Base System Build Improvements
     * ELF Tool Chain Tools
     * The LLDB Debugger
     * Updates to GDB

Ports

     * Bringing GitLab into the Ports Collection
     * GNOME on FreeBSD
     * IPv6 Promotion Campaign
     * KDE on FreeBSD
     * Linux Kernel as a Library Added to the Ports Collection
     * LXQt on FreeBSD
     * New Tools to Enhance the Porting Experience
     * Node.js Modules
     * Ports Collection
     * Supporting Variants in the Ports Framework
     * Xfce on FreeBSD

Documentation

     * "FreeBSD Mastery: Specialty Filesystems" Early Access Version Now
       Available
     * style(9) Enhanced to Allow C99 bool

Miscellaneous

     * HardenedBSD
     * NanoBSD Modernization
     * relaunchd
     * System Initialization and Service Management
     * The FreeBSD Foundation
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD Release Engineering Team

   Links
   FreeBSD 10.3-RELEASE schedule
    URL: https://www.freebsd.org/releases/10.3R/schedule.html
   FreeBSD Development Snapshots
    URL: http://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/snapshots/ISO-IMAGES/

   Contact: FreeBSD Release Engineering Team <re_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The FreeBSD Release Engineering Team is responsible for setting and
   publishing release schedules for official project releases of FreeBSD,
   announcing code freezes, and maintaining the respective branches, among
   other things.

   During the last quarter of 2015, the Release Engineering team added
   support for three additional FreeBSD/arm systems: BANANAPI, CUBIEBOARD,
   and CUBIEBOARD2.

   In addition to regular development snapshot builds for
   FreeBSD 11.0-CURRENT and FreeBSD 10.2-STABLE, several changes and
   enhancements were made to the release build code. Of note, the release
   build code no longer produces MD5 checksums, in favor of SHA512.

   Toward the end of the year, focus was primarily centered on the
   upcoming FreeBSD 10.3 release cycle, which will begin in January 2016.

   As always, help testing development snapshot builds is crucial to
   producing quality releases, and we encourage testing development
   snapshots whenever possible.

   This project is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation.
     __________________________________________________________________

Issue Tracking (Bugzilla)

   Links
   Bugzilla Home Page
    URL: https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/

   Contact: Bugmeisters <bugmeister_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Kubilay Kocak <koobs_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Mahdi Mokhtari <mokhi64_at_gmail.com>

   The bugmeister team has gained a new member, Mahdi Mokhtari
   (mokhi64_at_gmail.com). Mahdi has been contributing to the FreeBSD Project
   for just over one month. After getting started by creating ports for
   Chef-Server and MySQL 5.7 (with Bernard Spil's help), an introduction
   to Kubilay Kocak led to guidance on appropriate projects, such as
   Bugzilla development to help Bugmeister, the Bugzilla Triage team,
   Developers, and the community by making issue tracking better. This is
   how things are going so far:

   Issue Tracking can be either "Defect Tracking for Systems" or
   "Bug-Tracking for Systems". System Defect Tracking is to allow
   individual or groups of developers to keep track of outstanding issues
   in their product effectively. We use Bugzilla to manage issues for the
   FreeBSD project.

   We are pleased to announce some developments on our issue management
   systems:
     * We have made improvements to the AutoAssigner module (not yet
       deployed) that was previously developed by Marcus von Appen to
       assign port bugs to their maintainers by default, such as:
          + Improvements and bugfixes to port detection in the Summary:
            field of issues, for automatic assignment to their maintainers
            in a better way.
          + Refactoring code to make future development easier and faster
            in a more modular way.
     * We have developed a new module (FBSDAttachment), which automates
       setting maintainer-approval flag values on attachments under most
       conditions. This will improve time to resolution, consistency of
       triage, and reduce manual effort by triagers and maintainers.
     * We reported and upstreamed a number of bugs in Bugzilla, working
       with the upstream Bugzilla developers.

Open tasks:

    1. Major improvements to templates for usability and simplicity.
    2. Further improvements to automation (for example, additional
       processing of commit logs).
     __________________________________________________________________

The FreeBSD Core Team

   Contact: FreeBSD Core Team <core_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Two major issues have occupied much of core's attention during the last
   quarter: the reorganisation of the Security Team and the question of
   whether to import GPLv3 licensed code into the source repository.
    1. The idea of reorganizing the Security team was first proposed to
       Core during a meeting at BSDCan this year by Gleb Smirnoff -- core
       member and newly-appointed deputy Security Officer (SO). The
       "Security Team", which previously could contain several people (a
       varying number over time, but more than two) has been refashioned
       into just two roles: Security Officer and Deputy Security Officer.
       Accordingly, the role of the SO team has been redefined to be the
       controller of the distribution of security sensitive information
       into and within the project: they are responsible for interfacing
       with external bodies and individuals reporting security problems to
       the project, and connecting those reports to the appropriate
       individuals within the project with the technical expertise to
       address the identified concerns. These changes will improve the
       project's responsiveness to security alerts, help maintain security
       on privileged information received in confidence before general
       publication and, not least, reduce the work load on the security
       officer. The SO team will continue to benefit from liasons with the
       Core, Cluster Administration, and Release Engineering teams, and
       will be assisted by a secretary; they will also be able to obtain
       input and assistance in drafting security advisories from former
       and potential future (Deputy) Security Officers.
       Core would particularly like to thank the former members of the
       Security Team group for their past contributions, now that the
       Security Team role has been merged into the Security Officer's
       responsibilities.
    2. The other large question concerning Core is how to provide a modern
       toolchain for all supported achitectures. Tier 1 architectures are
       required to ship with a toolchain unencumbered by onerous license
       terms. This is currently provided for i386 and arm64 by the LLVM
       suite, including the Clang compiler, LLD and LLDB. However LLVM
       support for other (Tier 2 or below) architectures is not yet of
       sufficient quality to be viable, and the older but pre-existing
       GPLv2 toolchain cannot support some of the interesting new
       architectures such as arm64 and RISC-V. Pragmatically, in order for
       the project to support these architectures, until LLVM support
       arrives we must turn to the GNU project's GPLv3 licenced toolchain.
       The argument here is whether to import GPLv3 licensed code into the
       FreeBSD src repository with all of the obligations on patent terms
       and source code redistribution that would entail, not only for the
       FreeBSD project itself but for numerous downstream consumers of
       FreeBSD code. Not having a toolchain readily available is a big
       impediment to working on a new architecture.
       One potential solution is to create a range of "GPLv3 toolchain"
       base-system packages out of a completely separate source code
       repository, for instance within the FreeBSD area on Github. These
       would be distributed equivalently to the other base system binary
       packages when that mechanism is introduced.
       Core recognises that this is a decision with wide-ranging
       consequences and will be producing a position paper for circulation
       amongst all interested parties in order to judge community opinion
       on the matter. Core welcomes feedback from all interested parties
       on the subject.

   Beyond these two big questions, Core has handled a number of other
   items:
     * Core approved the formation of a wiki-admin team to take over
       managing the Wiki, to curate the Wiki content and work on
       navigation and organization of existing technical content and to
       evaluate new Wiki software with the aim of opening up the Wiki to
       contributions from the public.
     * An external review board has been assembled to look at the Code of
       Conduct, including a mixture of project members and experts from
       external groups. The review process is getting under way and Core
       is awaiting their report.
     * The standard documentation license was found to be unfit for its
       purpose, and the doceng group had temporarily reverted to the
       previous license while a new replacement was drafted. This new
       license is now the default for new documentation submissions.
       However, one factor emerging from this review was the difficulty of
       maintaining correct authorial attributions for sections of
       documentation, some of which may only be a few words long. Unlike
       source code, blocks of documentation are frequently moved around
       within individual files, or even between files. Consequently, Core
       would like to introduce a Voluntary Contribution Agreement along
       the lines of the one operated by the Apache Foundation. With this,
       copyrights are signed over to the FreeBSD Foundation, with
       individual contributions being recognised by recording names in a
       general "Authors" file. This will be another alternative alongside
       the existing copyright mechanisms used in the project. Core is
       interested to hear any opinions on the subject.
     * Core approved the formation of a new "dev-announce" mailing list,
       which all FreeBSD committers should be members of. This will be a
       low-traffic moderated list to contain important announcements,
       heads-ups, warnings of code freezes, changes in policy and
       notifications of events that affect the project as a whole.
     * Around eight years ago, an attempt was made to import the OpenBSD
       sensors framework. This was rejected at the time as potentially
       blocking the development of a better designed framework. However,
       no such development has occurred in the intervening time whilst the
       sensors framework has been in use successfully by both OpenBSD and
       FreeNAS. Despite some concerns about the efficiency of the
       framework and potential impacts on power consumption and hence
       battery lifetime, core is minded to approve the import, but wants
       to consult with interested developers first.
     * Core is exploring the legal ramifications for the project of the
       "Right to Be Forgotten" established by the European Court of
       Justice.
     * Core is also seeking an alternative means for holding their regular
       monthly conference calls. The current, paid-for, service has less
       than satisfactory sound quality and reliability, and Core would
       like to switch to a free video conferencing solution.

   This quarter also saw a particularly large influx of new commit bit
   requests, with on occasion, four votes running simultaneously. Please
   welcome Kurt Lidl, Svatopluk Kraus, Michal Meloun, Jonathan Looney
   (Juniper), Daisuke Aoyama, Phil Shafer (Juniper), Ravi Pokala
   (Panasas), Anish Gupta and Mark Bloch (Mellanox) to the ranks of src
   committers. In addition, core was delighted to restore commit
   privileges for Eric Melville after a hiatus of many years.

   No commit bits were taken in during the quarter. A non-committer
   account was approved for Kevin Bowling of LimeLight Networks. Kevin
   will be doing systems administration work with clusteradm, with
   particular interest in the parts of the cluster that are now hosted in
   LLNW's facilities. Deb Goodkin of the FreeBSD Foundation was added to
   the developers mailing list: she was one of the few members of the
   Foundation Board not already on the list, and having awareness of what
   is going on in the developer community will help her to support the
   project more effectively.
     __________________________________________________________________

The FreeBSD Issue Triage Team

   Contact: Bugmeister <bugmeister_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Kubilay Kocak <koobs_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Vladimir Krstulja <vlad-fbsd_at_acheronmedia.com>
   Contact: Rodrigo N. Hernandez <rodrigo.FreeBSD_at_minasambiente.com.br>

   By the end of the Q4 2015 period, Kubilay Kocak (koobs_at_) started an
   initiative to form an experimental Bugzilla Triage Team. The main goals
   of the team are to increase community involvement (addition/training of
   new triagers) and enhance current procedures and tools, among others.
   This experiment was started with the participation of Vladimir
   (blackflow on irc/freenode) and Rodrigo (DanDare on irc/freenode), who
   approached koobs_at_ with a desire to contribute and get more involved
   with the FreeBSD Project. This experimental pilot project has the task
   of setting up procedures for enhanced Issue (Problem Report) management
   that include better classification and prioritization, eventually
   leading to faster resolution of issues.

   We are now happy to report on the progress of this experimental team:
     * The #FreeBSD-bugs IRC channel has been set up on Freenode and we
       are successfully using it to exchange information about triage
       processes, ask for help, propose changes and discuss related
       topics.
     * We have identified the primary role of an Issue Triage Team to be
       that of classification of problem reports of all kinds (currently
       limited mostly to ports and obvious src issues) and facilitation of
       issue assignment, which is making sure that the reported issues are
       explained well, contain all the appropriate information (or as much
       of it as possible), and are brought to attention of the people who
       can act upon them.
     * Vladimir and Rodrigo are successfully training in bug triage as
       well as porting processes (Vladimir is also taking maintainership
       of some ports).
     * This experiment is benefiting from the introduction of newcomers to
       issue tracking. It naturally resulted in a entire review of the
       tracking process from its very elementary aspects. This "fresh
       eyes" participation spotted minor details during the process,
       giving the opportunity to scrutinize actual procedures on a number
       of smaller points, followed by proposals on how to improve the
       overall Issue Tracking and Management. The new ideas include both
       organizational and technical ideas and solutions, such as new or
       modified keywords or flags for better classification, the triage
       workflow, and Bugzilla technical improvements, among others.
     * An important goal is producing documentation about best practices
       for using Bugzilla and issue management workflow. This
       documentation should be aimed not only at people directly engaged
       in issue triage tasks, but also at general users. Another relevant
       point is that feedback from the triage team can be used to improve
       Bugzilla in terms of adjusting existing features to best fit
       FreeBSD's needs, and the development of new features (please see
       Mahdi "Magic" Mokhtari's report on "Bugzilla improvements").
     * We are still collating ideas in preparation of setting up a Wiki
       namespace for the overall topic of issue management, containing
       information for all the parties involved in issue tracking: from
       users (reporters) to maintainers and committers. The unorganized
       brainstorming document is linked in this report.

   Since the Issue Triage Team is very young, we expect more information
   be available and more actions to be reported in the next status report.

Open tasks:

    1. Set up the Wiki namespace and organize the brainstorming document
       into a meaningful set of documents.
    2. We are actively recruiting to grow our FreeBSD Triage Team. If you
       are interested in participating and contributing to one of the most
       important community-facing areas of the FreeBSD project, join
       #freebsd-bugs on the freenode IRC and let us know!
       Experience with issue tracking is desirable, but not required. No
       prior internal project knowledge or technical skills are required,
       just bring your communication skills and awesome attitude. Training
       is provided.
     __________________________________________________________________

CAM I/O Scheduler

   Links
   BSDCan Paper
    URL: https://people.FreeBSD.org/~imp/bsdcan2015/iosched-v3.pdf
   Phabricator Review
    URL: https://reviews.FreeBSD.org/D4609

   Contact: Warner Losh <imp_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Reviews have begun on the CAM I/O scheduler that I wrote for Netflix.
   It is anticipated that this process will be done in time for the
   FreeBSD 11 branch.

   Details about this work can be found in the linked BSDcan paper from
   last year.

   Briefly, the scheduler allows one to differentiate I/O types and limit
   I/O based on the type and characteristics of the I/Os (including the
   latency of recent requests relative to historical averages). This is
   most useful when tuning system loads to SSD performance. Both a simple
   default scheduler, the same that we use today in FreeBSD, as well as a
   scheduler that can be well-tuned for system loads related to video
   streaming will be included.

   This project is sponsored by Netflix, Inc.
     __________________________________________________________________

Encrypted Kernel Crash Dumps

   Links
   Technical Details
    URL: https://lists.FreeBSD.org/pipermail/freebsd-security/2015-December/008780.html
   Patch Review
    URL: https://reviews.FreeBSD.org/D4712

   Contact: Konrad Witaszczyk <def_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Kernel crash dumps contain information about currently running
   processes. This can include sensitive data, for example passwords kept
   in memory by a browser when a kernel panic occurred. An entity that can
   read data from a dump device or a crash directory can also extract this
   information from a core dump. To prevent this situation, the core dump
   should be encrypted before it is stored on the dump device.

   This project allows a kernel to encrypt a core dump during a panic. A
   user can configure the kernel for encrypted dumps and save the core
   dump after reboot using the existing tools, dumpon(8) and savecore(8).
   A new tool decryptcore(8) was added to decrypt the core files.

   A patch has been uploaded to Phabricator for review. The patch is
   currently being updated to address the review comments, and should be
   committed as soon as it is accepted. For more technical details, please
   visit the FreeBSD-security mailing list archive or see the Phabricator
   review.
     __________________________________________________________________

Jenkins Continuous Integration for FreeBSD

   Links
   The Jenkins CI Server in the FreeBSD Cluster
    URL: https://jenkins.FreeBSD.org
   Portest Script
    URL: https://github.com/Ultima1252/portest
   Jenkins Workflow Plugin
    URL: https://github.com/jenkinsci/workflow-plugin
   Cloudbees
    URL: https://cloudbees.com
   Jenkins Phabricator Plugin
    URL: https://github.com/uber/phabricator-jenkins-plugin
   Phabricator Plugin Fixes
    URL: https://github.com/uber/phabricator-jenkins-plugin/pull/110
   Durable Task Plugin Fixes
    URL: https://github.com/jenkinsci/durable-task-plugin/pull/14
   Clang Scanbuild Plugin Fixes
    URL: https://github.com/jenkinsci/clang-scanbuild-plugin/commits/master
   Multiple SCMs Plugin Fixes
    URL: https://github.com/jenkinsci/multiple-scms-plugin/commits/master
   SCM Sync Configuration Plugin Fixes
    URL: https://github.com/jenkinsci/scm-sync-configuration-plugin/commits/master
   Porting Jobs to the Workflow Plugin
    URL: https://lists.FreeBSD.org/pipermail/freebsd-testing/2016-January/001285.html
   Akuma Fixes for FreeBSD
    URL: https://github.com/kohsuke/akuma/pull/9
   Kyua Fix for Invalid Characters
    URL: https://github.com/jmmv/kyua/pull/148

   Contact: Craig Rodrigues <rodrigc_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Jenkins Administrators <jenkins-admin_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: FreeBSD Testing <FreeBSD-testing_at_freebsd.org>

   The Jenkins Continuous Integration and Testing project has been helping
   to improve the quality of FreeBSD. Since the last status report, we
   have quickly found commits that caused build breakage or test failures.
   FreeBSD developers saw these problems and quickly fixed them. Some of
   the highlights include:
     * Ricky Gallagher wrote a script named portest, which can take a
       patch to the FreeBSD ports tree as input, and can generate a
       sequence of commands to check out the ports tree from Subversion,
       apply the patch, and then invoke poudriere to build the affected
       part of the ports tree. Ricky consulted with Torsten Zühlsdorff
       during its development. This script will be used later to test
       changes to the ports tree.
     * Craig Rodrigues converted some Jenkins builds to use the Workflow
       plugin. Workflow is a plugin written by Jesse Glick and other
       developers at Cloudbees, the main company providing commercial
       support for Jenkins. With this plugin, a Jenkins job can be written
       in a Domain Specific Language (DSL) which is written in the Groovy
       scripting language. Workflow scripts are meant to provide
       sophisticated access to Jenkins functionality, in a simple
       scripting language. As Jenkins jobs get more complicated and have
       more interdependencies, using a DSL is easier for maintainability
       instead of creating Jenkins jobs via menus.
       Craig Rodrigues worked with Jesse Glick to identify and fix a
       problem with the Durable Task plugin used by the workflow plugin.
       This problem seemed to show up mostly on non-Linux platforms such
       as OS X and FreeBSD.
     * Eitan Adler worked with Craig Rodrigues to test a Jenkins plugin
       written by Aiden Scandella at Uber which integrates Phabricator and
       Jenkins. With this plugin, if someone submits a code review with
       Phabricator's Differential tool, a Jenkins build with this code
       change will be triggered. The Phabricator code review would then be
       updated with the result of the build.
       Eitan Adler and Craig Rodrigues had some initial success testing
       this plugin using the FreeBSD docs repository, but this plugin
       still has a lot of hardcoded dependencies specific to Uber's
       environment which make it difficult to use out-of-the-box for
       FreeBSD. Alexander Yerenkow submitted some patches upstream to fix
       some of these problems, but this plugin still needs more work.
       Craig Rodrigues thinks that it might be better to write a workflow
       script to call Phabricator commands directly.
     * Craig Rodrigues pushed fixes upstream to several plugins including:
          + SCM Sync configuration plugin
          + NodeLabel parameter plugin
          + Subversion plugin
          + Multiple SCMs plugin
          + Clang Scanbuild plugin
       Craig Rodrigues was granted commit access to the SCM Sync
       configuration plugin, Multiple SCMs plugin, and Clang Scanbuild
       plugin.
     * Li-Wen Hsu set up multiple builds using jails on machines located
       at NYI and administered by the FreeBSD Cluster Administrators. One
       of these builds targets 64-bit ARM.
     * Michael Zhilin fixed the Akuma library for FreeBSD. The Akuma
       library is used by Jenkins to determine what command-line arguments
       were passed to a running process. To fix it, Michael invoked an
       FreeBSD-specific sysctl() with KERN_PROC_ARGS to determine the
       arguments for a running pid. This fix allows a running Jenkins
       instance to restart itself after new plugins are installed.
     * Julio Merino accepted a fix for Kyua from Craig Rodrigues to fix
       writing out XML characters to test report files.

Open tasks:

    1. Work more on using the workflow plugin for various builds.
    2. Set up a build to test bmake's meta-mode.
    3. Finish off integration with Phabricator.
    4. People interested in helping out should join the
       freebsd-testing_at_FreeBSD.org list.
     __________________________________________________________________

Mellanox iSCSI Extensions for RDMA (iSER) Support

   Links
   GitHub repository
    URL: https://github.com/sagigrimberg/iser-FreeBSD

   Contact: Max Gurtovoy <maxg_at_mellanox.com>
   Contact: Sagi Grimberg <sagig_at_mellanox.com>

   Building on the new in-kernel iSCSI initiator stack released in FreeBSD
   10.0 and the recently added iSCSI offload interface, Mellanox
   Technologies has developed iSCSI extensions for RDMA (iSER) initiator
   support to enable efficient data movement using the hardware offload
   capabilities of Mellanox's 10, 40, 56, and 100 Gigabit Infiniband
   (IB)/Ethernet adapters.

   Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) has been shown to have great value
   for storage applications. RDMA infrastructure provides benefits such as
   zero-copy, CPU offload, reliable transport, fabric consolidation, and
   many more. The iSER protocol eliminates some of the bottlenecks in the
   traditional iSCSI/TCP stack, provides low latency and high throughput,
   and is well suited for latency aware workloads.

   This work includes a new ICL module that implements the iSER initiator.
   The iSCSI stack is slightly modified to support some extra features
   such as asynchronous IO completions, unmapped data buffers, and
   data-transfer offloads. The user will be able to choose iSER as the
   iSCSI transport with iscsictl.

   The project is in the process of being merged to FreeBSD 11-CURRENT and
   is expected to ship with FreeBSD 11.0.

   This project is sponsored by Mellanox Technologies.
     __________________________________________________________________

MIPS: Ralink/Mediatek Support

   Links
   Github Branch With Work in Progress
    URL: https://github.com/sgalabov/FreeBSD/tree/local/sgalabov_mtk

   Contact: Stanislav Galabov <sgalabov_at_gmail.com>

   This project is aimed at adding FreeBSD support for Ralink/Mediatek's
   family of WiFi router system-on-chip (SoC) devices based on MIPS
   processors. These SoCs are commonly found in embedded network devices
   such as WiFi routers. Having support for these SoCs would allow FreeBSD
   to run on a number of additional low-cost devices, which could help
   spread FreeBSD's popularity in the embedded systems world.

   The project currently aims to support the following Ralink/Mediatek
   chipsets: RT3050, RT3052, RT3350, RT3352, RT3662, RT3883, RT5350,
   RT6855, RT6856, MT7620, MT7621, MT7628 and MT7688. The following
   functionality (where applicable) is currently planned to be supported:
   Interrupt controller, UART, GPIO, USB, PCI/PCIe, Ethernet, and SPI.

   This project is sponsored by Smartcom - Bulgaria AD.

Open tasks:

    1. Help with adding WiFi driver support (possibly to ral(4)) for the
       above SoCs would be greatly appreciated.
    2. Help with refactoring if_rt(4) to be usable on all of the above
       SoCs would be appreciated.
    3. Help wth testing target boards (e.g., WiFi routers) would be
       appreciated.
     __________________________________________________________________

Multipath TCP for FreeBSD

   Links
   MPTCP for FreeBSD Repository
    URL: https://bitbucket.org/nw-swin/caia-mptcp-freebsd/
   MPTCP for FreeBSD Project Website
    URL: http://caia.swin.edu.au/urp/newtcp/mptcp/

   Contact: Nigel Williams <njwilliams_at_swin.edu.au>

   Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is an extension to TCP that allows for the use of
   multiple network interfaces on a standard TCP session. The addition of
   new addresses and scheduling of data across these occurs transparently
   from the perspective of the TCP application.

   The goal of this project is to deliver an MPTCP kernel patch that
   interoperates with the reference MPTCP implementation, along with
   additional enhancements to aid network research.

   A v0.51 release has been tagged in our repository, with some minor
   improvements over v0.5.

   We have now removed much of the MPTCP code that was inside the
   functions tcp_do_segment, tcp_output, and other code used for standard
   TCP connections. The goal of this is to restrict the added MPTCP code
   to just MPTCP connections, leaving regular TCP connections using the
   existing code.

   We are currently in the process of implementing a subflow socket buffer
   upcall and event processing. These will handle changes in subflow
   socket state, MP-signalling, and incoming data segments.

   This also requires some re-working of the MP option processing,
   particularly how incoming DSN maps are parsed and stored for use during
   MP-layer reassembly.

   We are also looking at how our changes might take advantage of the new
   TCP stack modularisation enhancements to create subflow-specific TCP
   functions.

   This project is sponsored by The Cisco University Research Program Fund
   at Community Foundation Silicon Valley, and The FreeBSD Foundation.

Open tasks:

    1. Complete the implementations of subflow event processing and new
       option parsing.
    2. Update documentation and task lists.
     __________________________________________________________________

OpenBSM

   Links
   OpenBSM: Open Source Basic Security Module (BSM) Audit Implementation
    URL: http://www.openbsm.org
   OpenBSM on GitHub
    URL: https://github.com/openbsm/openbsm
   FreeBSD Audit Handbook Chapter
    URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/audit.html

   Contact: Christian Brueffer <brueffer_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Robert Watson <rwatson_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: TrustedBSD audit mailing list
   <trustedbsd-audit_at_TrustedBSD.org>

   OpenBSM is a BSD-licensed implementation of Sun's Basic Security Module
   (BSM) API and file format. It is the user-space side of the CAPP Audit
   implementations in FreeBSD and Mac OS X. Additionally, the audit trail
   processing tools are expected to work on Linux.

   Progress has been slow but steady this quarter, culminating in OpenBSM
   1.2 alpha 4, the first release in three years. It features various bug
   fixes and documentation improvements; the complete list of changes is
   documented in the NEWS file on GitHub. The release was imported into
   FreeBSD head and merged to FreeBSD 10-STABLE. As such, it will be part
   of FreeBSD 10.3-RELEASE.

Open tasks:

    1. Test the new release on different versions of FreeBSD, Mac OS X,
       and Linux. In particular, testing on Mac OS X 10.9 (Mavericks) and
       newer would be greatly appreciated.
    2. Fix problems that have been reported via GitHub and the FreeBSD bug
       tracker.
    3. Implement features mentioned in the TODO list on GitHub.
     __________________________________________________________________

Raspberry Pi: VideoCore Userland Application Packaging

   Contact: Mikaël Urankar <mikael.urankar_at_gmail.com>
   Contact: Oleksandr Tymoshenko <gonzo_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The Raspberry Pi SoC consists of two parts: ARM and GPU (VideoCore).
   Many interesting features like OpenGL, video playback, and HDMI
   controls are implemented on the VideoCore side and can be accessed from
   the OS through libraries provided by Broadcom (userland repo). These
   libraries were ported to FreeBSD some time ago, so Mikaël created the
   port misc/raspberrypi-userland for them. He also created a port for
   omxplayer (a low-level video player that utilizes VideoCore APIs) and
   is working on a port for Kodi (formerly XBMC), a more user-firendly
   media player software with Raspberry Pi support.
     __________________________________________________________________

RCTL Disk IO Limits

   Contact: Edward Tomasz Napierala <trasz_at_FreeBSD.org>

   An important missing piece of the RCTL resource limits mechanism was
   the ability to limit disk throughput. This project aims to fill that
   hole by making it possible to add RCTL rules for read bytes per second
   (BPS), write BPS, read I/O operations per second (IOPS), and write
   IOPS. It also adds a new throttling mechanism to delay process
   execution when a limit is reached.

   The project is at the late implementation stage. The major piece of
   work left apart from testing is to integrate it with ZFS. The project
   is expected to ship with FreeBSD 11.0.

   This project is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation.
     __________________________________________________________________

Root Remount

   Links
   Commit to Head
    URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base?view=revision&revision=290548
   reboot(8) Manual Page Changes
    URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/sbin/reboot/reboot.8?r1=290548&r2=290547&pathrev=290548

   Contact: Edward Tomasz Napierala <trasz_at_FreeBSD.org>

   One of the long-missing features of FreeBSD was the ability to boot up
   with a temporary rootfs, configure the kernel to be able to access the
   real rootfs, and then replace the temporary root with the real one. In
   Linux, this functionality is known as pivot_root. The reroot projects
   provides similar functionality in a different, slightly more
   user-friendly way: rerooting. Simply put, from the user point of view
   it looks like the system performs a partial shutdown, killing all
   processes and unmounting the rootfs, and then partial bringup, mounting
   the new rootfs, running init, and running the startup scripts as usual.

   The project is finished. All the relevant code has been committed to
   FreeBSD 11-CURRENT and is expected to ship with FreeBSD 11.0.

   This project is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation.
     __________________________________________________________________

Routing Stack Update

   Links
   Initial Proposal
    URL: http://wiki.freebsd.org/ProjectsRoutingProposal

   Contact: Alexander Chernikov <melifaro_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The projects/routing Subversion branch is a FreeBSD routing system
   rework aimed at providing performance, scalability and the ability to
   add advanced features to the routing stack.

   The current packet output path suffers from excessive locking.
   Acquiring and releasing four distinct contested locks is required to
   convert a packet to a frame suitable to put on the wire. The first
   project goal is to reduce the number of locks needed to just two
   rmlock(9)s for the output path, which permits close-to-linear scaling.

   Since September, one of the locks (used to protect link-level entries)
   has been completely eliminated from the packet data path. A new routing
   API was introduced, featuring better scalability and hiding routing
   internals. Most of the consumers of the old routing API were converted
   to use the new API.
     __________________________________________________________________

The Graphics Stack on FreeBSD

   Links
   Graphics Stack Roadmap and Supported Hardware Matrix
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/Graphics
   Ports Development Tree on GitHub
    URL: https://github.com/FreeBSD/freebsd-ports-graphics

   Contact: FreeBSD Graphics team <freebsd-x11_at_freebsd.org>

   Several important ports were updated: Mesa to 11.0.8, the X.Org server
   to 1.17.4, libdrm to 2.4.65, as well as many applications and
   libraries. The latest release of the X.Org server, 1.18, is being
   tested in our Ports development tree.

   On the kernel side, the i915 update is almost ready to land. There are
   a couple known regressions for currently supported GPUs that we want to
   fix before committing.

   We started a discussion on the FreeBSD-x11_at_ mailing list to organize
   future contributions to the kernel drivers. We have already received
   some valuable comments. We are confident that future updates will
   happen at a faster pace, thanks to several motivated people!

   FOSDEM is held in Brussels on the 30th and 31st of January. We will
   attend this conference. It will be a perfect time to see people again
   from FreeBSD and from the XDC. On Sunday, we will give a talk about how
   to contribute to the Graphics Stack.

   Our blog is currently down because the service was discontinued. We
   hope to get a dump of our data to put it back online elsewhere.
   Unfortunately, there is no ETA for this item.

Open tasks:

    1. See the "Graphics" wiki page for up-to-date information.
     __________________________________________________________________

The nosh Project

   Links
   Introduction
    URL: http://homepage.ntlworld.com./jonathan.deboynepollard/Softwares/nosh.html
   FreeBSD binary packages
    URL: http://homepage.ntlworld.com./jonathan.deboynepollard/Softwares/nosh/freebsd-binary-packages.html
   Installation How-To
    URL: http://homepage.ntlworld.com./jonathan.deboynepollard/Softwares/nosh/timorous-admin-installation-how-to.html
   Roadmap
    URL: http://homepage.ntlworld.com./jonathan.deboynepollard/Softwares/nosh/roadmap.html
   Commands
    URL: http://homepage.ntlworld.com./jonathan.deboynepollard/Softwares/nosh/commands.html
   A Slightly Outdated User Guide
    URL: http://homepage.ntlworld.com./jonathan.deboynepollard/Softwares/nosh/guide/index.html
   The Supervision Mailing List
    URL: https://www.mail-archive.com/supervision_at_list.skarnet.org/

   Contact: Jonathan de Boyne Pollard
   <J.deBoynePollard-newsgroups_at_NTLWorld.COM>

   The nosh project is a suite of system-level utilities for initializing,
   running, and shutting down BSD systems, and for managing daemons,
   terminals, and logging. It supersedes BSD init and the NetBSD rc.d
   system, drawing inspiration from Solaris SMF for named milestones,
   daemontools-encore for service control/status mechanisms, UCSPI, and
   IBM AIX for separated service and system management. It comprises a
   range of compatibility mechanisms, including shims for familiar
   commands from other systems, and an automatic import mechanism that
   takes existing configuration data from /etc/fstab,
   /etc/rc.conf{,.local}, /etc/ttys, and elsewhere, applying them to its
   native service definitions and creating additional native services. It
   is portable (including to Linux) and composable, it provides a
   migration path from the world of systemd Linux, and it does not require
   new kernel APIs. It provides clean service environments, orderings and
   dependencies between services, parallelized startup and shutdown
   (including fsck), strictly size-capped and autorotated logging, the
   service manager as a "subreaper", and uses kevent(2) for event-driven
   parallelism.

   Since the last status report, in October 2015, the project has seen:
   the complete replacement of its event-handling subsystem on Linux; the
   introduction of tools for exporting cyclog/multilog logs via RFC 5426
   to remote log handlers (such as logstash); and the switching of the
   user-mode virtual terminal subsystem on BSD to using USB devices
   directly, a more powerful device interface than sysmouse et al. because
   it permits directly positioning touch devices for mice and other things
   (thus permitting "mouse integration" under VirtualBox for those who run
   PC-BSD/FreeBSD on VirtualBox virtual machines), but sysmouse et al. can
   still be used if desired.

   In version 1.24, released shortly before publication of this report,
   there are extensive additions for supporting a purely-ZFS system with
   an empty /etc/fstab (as the PC-BSD 10.2 system installer creates), and
   the ability to convert systemd unit files' process priority settings to
   BSD's rtprio/idprio.

   Version 1.24 also sees a large chunk taken out of the remainder of the
   on-going project to create enough native service bundles and ancillary
   utilities to entirely supplant the rc.d system. The progress of this
   project has been open from the start, and can be followed on the nosh
   roadmap web page. As of version 1.24, there are a mere 27 items
   remaining out of the original target list of 157, with a 28th and a
   29th (from PC-BSD 10.2) added. Items crossed off by version 1.24
   include (amongst others) mfs support for /tmp, static ARP and
   networking, persistent entropy for the randomness subsystem, pefs, and
   hald.

   The remaining items in the task list are mostly aimed at making the
   overall system integration cleaner and friendlier to modern systems. We
   are also interested in receiving suggestions, bug reports, and other
   feedback from users. Try following the how-to guide and see how things
   go!

Open tasks:

    1. Add kernel support for passing a -b option to PID 1, and support
       for a boot_bare variable in the loader, to allow "emergency" (where
       no shell dotfiles are loaded) and "rescue" mode bootstraps, akin to
       Linux. (History: the -b mechanism and idea date back to version
       2.57d of Miquel van Smoorenburg's System 5 init clone, dated
       1995-12-03, and was already known as "emergency boot" by 1997.)
    2. Add support to FreeBSD's fsck(8) for outputting machine-readable
       progress reports to a designated file descriptor, so that nosh can
       provide progress bars for multiple fscks running in parallel. nosh
       already provides this functionality on Linux, where fsck(8) does
       provide machine-readable output.
    3. Identify when the configuration import system needs to be
       triggered, such as when bsdconfig alters configuration files, and
       create the necessary hooks to import external configuration changes
       into nosh.
     __________________________________________________________________

UEFI Boot and Framebuffer Support

   Contact: Ed Maste <emaste_at_FreeBSD.org>

   A number of UEFI bug fixes were committed over the last quarter,
   further improving compatibility with different UEFI implementations.
   Specifically: on some implementations, FreeBSD failed to boot with an
   "ExitBootServices() returned 0x8000000000000002" error. This has been
   fixed with a retry loop (as required by UEFI) in r292515 and r292338.

   UEFI improvements from other developers have recently been committed or
   are in progress. These include support for environment variables set on
   the EFI loader command line, improved text console mode setting,
   support for nvram variables, and root-on-ZFS support.

   This project is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation.

Open tasks:

    1. Test FreeBSD-CURRENT snapshots on a variety of UEFI
       implementations.
    2. Merge UEFI changes to stable/10 for FreeBSD 10.3-RELEASE.
     __________________________________________________________________

Chelsio iSCSI Offload Driver (Initiator and Target)

   Links
   Commit Adding Hardware Acceleration Support
    URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/292740

   Contact: Navdeep Parhar <navdeep_at_chelsio.com>

   A new driver, cxgbei, enabling hardware accelerated iSCSI with
   Chelsio's T5- and T4-based offload-capable cards, has been committed to
   head. Both Initiator and Target are supported. The wire traffic is
   standard iSCSI (SCSI over TCP as per RFC 3720, etc.) so an
   Initiator/Target using this driver will interoperate with all other
   standards-compliant implementations.

   Hardware assistance provided by the T5 and T4 ASICs includes:
     * Complete TCP processing.
     * iSCSI PDU identification and extraction from the byte oriented TCP
       stream.
     * Header and/or data digest generation and verification.
     * Zero copy support for both transmit and receive.

   This project is sponsored by Chelsio Communications.

Open tasks:

    1. The cxgbei(4) man page is missing but will be committed shortly.
    2. The driver is in advanced stage QA and will see some bugfixes and
       performance enhancements in the very near future. MFC is possible
       as soon as the QA cycle completes.
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD Integration Services (BIS)

   Links
   FreeBSD Virtual Machines on Microsoft Hyper-V
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/HyperV
   Linux and FreeBSD Virtual Machines on Hyper-V
    URL: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn531030.aspx

   Contact: Dexuan Cui <decui_at_microsoft.com>
   Contact: Hongjiang Zhang <honzhan_at_microsoft.com>

   When FreeBSD virtual machines (VMs) run on Hyper-V, using Hyper-V
   synthetic devices is recommended to get the best network and storage
   performance and make full use of all the benefits that Hyper-V
   provides. The collection of drivers that are required to run Hyper-V
   synthetic devices in FreeBSD are known as FreeBSD Integration Services
   (BIS). Some of the BIS drivers (like network and storage drivers) have
   existed in FreeBSD 9.x and 10.x for years, but there are still some
   performance and stability issues and bugs. Compared with Windows and
   Linux VMs, the current BIS lacks some important features, such as
   virtual Receive Side Scaling (vRSS) support in the Hyper-V network
   driver and support for UEFI VM (boot from UEFI), among others.

   We are now working more on the issues and performance tuning to make
   FreeBSD VMs run better on Hyper-V and the Hyper-V based cloud platform
   Azure.

   Our work during 2015Q4 is documented below:
     * Optimizing the VMBus driver and Hyper-V network driver for
       performance:
          + Sent out patches to enable INTR_MPSAFE for the interrupt
            handling thread, speed up relid-to-channel lookup in the
            thread by map table, and optimize the VMBus ringbuffer
            writable notification to the host.
          + Developing a patch to enable the virtual Receive Side Scaling
            (vRSS) for Hyper-V network device driver. This will greatly
            improve the network performance for SMP virtual machine (VM).
          + Sent out a patch to enable the Hyper-V timer, which will
            improve the accuracy of timekeeping when FreeBSD VMs run on
            Hyper-V.
     * Fixing bugs and cleaning up the code:
          + Fixed a bug in checksum offloading (PR 203630 -- [Hyper-V]
            [nat] [tcp] 10.2 NAT bug in TCP stack or hyperv netsvc driver)
            in the Hyper-V network driver, making FreeBSD VM based NAT
            gateways work more reliably.
          + Fixed a serialization issue in the initialization of VMBus
            devices, fixing PR 205156 ([Hyper-V] NICs' (hn0, hn1) MAC
            addresses can appear in an uncertain way across reboot).
          + Fixed a KVP (Key-Value Pair) issue (retrieving a key's value
            can hang for an uncertain period of time).
          + Added ioctl support for SIOCGIFMEDIA for the Hyper-V network
            driver, fixing PR 187006 ([Hyper-V] dynamic address (DHCP)
            obtaining does not work on HYPER-V OS 2012 R2).
          + Sent out patches to add an interrupt counter for Hyper-V VMBus
            interrupts (so the user can easily get statistical information
            about VMBus interrupts), and fix the KVP daemon's poll timeout
            (so the daemon will avoid unnecessary polling every 100
            milliseconds.
          + Identified a TSC calibration issue: the i8254 PIT timer
            emulation of Hyper-V is not fully reliable, so the Hyper-V
            time counter should be used to calibrate the TSC. A patch was
            drafted. With the patch, it looks the warning kernel message
            (e.g., "calcru: runtime went backwards from 46204978 usec to
            23362331 usec for pid 0 (kernel)") will go away, and the
            time-based tracing of Dtrace will be more accurate.
     * We plan to add support for UEFI VMs (Hyper-V Generation-2 VMs).
       Currently some issues and to-do items were identified. For example,
       we cannot use the i8254 PIT to calibrate the TSC because the i8254
       PIT does not exist in a UEFI VM, and we need to add support for the
       Hyper-V synthetic keyboard/mouse/framebuffer device.
     * We are working on a disk detection issue: when a FreeBSD VM runs on
       a Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview host, the VM will detect 16
       disks when only one disk is configured for the VM. VMs running on
       these hosts can fail to boot. A workaround patch was created and we
       are trying to make a formal fix.
     * We are tidying up some internal BIS test cases and plan to publish
       them on github.

   This project is sponsored by Microsoft.
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD Xen

   Links
   FreeBSD PVH DomU Wiki Page
    URL: http://wiki.xen.org/wiki/FreeBSD_PVH
   FreeBSD PVH Dom0 Wiki Page
    URL: http://wiki.xen.org/wiki/FreeBSD_Dom0
   FreeBSD/Xen HVMlite Implementation
    URL: http://xenbits.xen.org/gitweb/?p=people/royger/freebsd.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/new_entry_point_v5

   Contact: Roger Pau Monné <royger_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Wei Liu <wei.liu2_at_citrix.com>

   Xen is a hypervisor using a microkernel design, providing services that
   allow multiple computer operating systems to execute on the same
   computer hardware concurrently. Xen support for FreeBSD on x86 as a
   guest was introduced in version 8, and ARM support is currently being
   worked on. Support for running FreeBSD as an amd64 Xen host (Dom0) is
   available in head.

   The x86 work done during this quarter has been focused on rewriting the
   PVH implementation inside of Xen, into what is now being called HVMlite
   to differentiate it with the previous PVH implementation. The Xen side
   of patches have already been committed to the Xen source tree, and will
   be available in Xen 4.7, the next version. Work has also begun on
   implementing HVMlite Dom0 support, although no patches have yet been
   published.

   HVMlite support for FreeBSD has not yet been committed, although an
   initial implementation is available in a personal git repository. The
   plan is to completely replace PVH with HVMlite on FreeBSD as soon as
   HVMlite supports Dom0 mode.

   Apart from this, Wei Liu is working on improving netfront performance
   on FreeBSD. Initial patches have been posted to the FreeBSD review
   system.

   The x86 unmapped bounce buffer code has also been improved, and
   unmapped IO support has been added to the blkfront driver.

   This project is sponsored by Citrix Systems R&D.

Open tasks:

    1. Finish HVMlite Dom0 support inside of Xen.
    2. Deprecate and remove PVH support from Xen.
    3. Remove PVH support from FreeBSD and switch to HVMlite.
    4. Generalize the event channel code so it can be used on ARM.
    5. Improve the performance of the various backends (netback, blkback).
     __________________________________________________________________

Improvements to the QLogic HBA Driver

   Contact: Alexander Motin <mav_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The QLogic HBA driver, isp(4), received a substantial set of changes.
   The primary goal was to make the Fibre Channel target role work well
   with CTL, but many other things were also fixed/improved:
     * Added support for modern 16Gbps 26xx FC cards.
     * The firmware in ispfw(4) were updated to the latest versions.
     * Target role support was fixed and tested for all FC cards from
       ancient 1Gbps 22xx to modern 16Gbps 26xx.
     * Port database handling was unified for target and initiator roles,
       allowing an HBA port to play both roles at the same time.
     * The maximal number of ports was increased from 256 to 1024.
     * Multi-ID (NPIV) functionality was fixed/implemented, allowing 24xx
       and above cards to provide up to 255 virtual FC ports per physical
       port.
     * Added support for 8-byte LUNs for 24xx and above cards.

   The code is committed to FreeBSD head and stable/10 branches.

   This project is sponsored by iXsystems, Inc..

Open tasks:

    1. NVRAM data reading is hackish and requires rework.
    2. FCoE support for 26xx cards was not tested yet.
     __________________________________________________________________

iMX.6 Video Output Support

   Links
   Commit Adding Basic Video Support
    URL: https://svnweb.FreeBSD.org/changeset/base/292574

   Contact: Oleksandr Tymoshenko <gonzo_at_FreeBSD.org>

   iMX.6 is a family of SoC used in multiple hobbyist ARM boards such as
   the Hummingboard, RIoTboard, and Cubox. Most of these products have
   HDMI output, but until recently, FreeBSD did not benefit from it. As of
   r292574, there is basic video output support so you can use the console
   on iMX6-based boards and probably run Xorg (not yet tested).

   Due to the lack of some kernel functionality (see open tasks), the only
   supported mode is 1024x768.

Open tasks:

    1. Proper pixel clock initialization (relies on a clock framework).
    2. More flexible video output path (support multiple IPUs and DIs).
     __________________________________________________________________

ioat(4) Driver Enhancements

   Links
   Wikipedia on I/OAT
    URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/O_Acceleration_Technology
   Last quarter's ioat(4) report
    URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/news/status/report-2015-07-2015-09.html#ioat%284%29-Driver-Import

   Contact: Conrad Meyer <cem_at_FreeBSD.org>

   I/OAT DMA engines are bulk memory operation offload engines built into
   some Intel Server/Storage platform CPUs.

   Several enhancements were made to the driver. It now avoids memory
   allocation in locked paths, which should avoid deadlocking in memory
   pressure scenarios. Support for Broadwell-EP devices has been added.
   The "blockfill" operation and a non-contiguous 8 KB copy operation have
   been added to the API. The driver can recover from various programming
   errors by resetting the hardware.

   This project is sponsored by EMC / Isilon Storage Division.

Open tasks:

    1. XOR and other advanced ("RAID") operation support.
     __________________________________________________________________

Kernel Vnode Cache Tuning

   Links
   MFC to stable/10
    URL: https://reviews.FreeBSD.org/rS292895

   Contact: Kirk McKusick <mckusick_at_mckusick.com>
   Contact: Bruce Evans <bde_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Konstantin Belousov <kib_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Peter Holm <pho_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Mateusz Guzik <mjg_at_FreeBSD.org>

   This completed project includes changes to better manage the vnode
   freelist and to streamline the allocation and freeing of vnodes.

   Vnode cache recycling was reworked to meet free and unused vnode
   targets. Free vnodes are rarely completely free; rather, they are just
   ones that are cheap to recycle. Usually they are for files which have
   been stat'd but not read; these usually have inode and namecache data
   attached to them. The free vnode target is the preferred minimum size
   of a sub-cache consisting mostly of such files. The system balances the
   size of this sub-cache with its complement to try to prevent either
   from thrashing while the other is relatively inactive. The targets
   express a preference for the best balance.

   "Above" this target there are 2 further targets (watermarks) related to
   the recyling of free vnodes. In the best-operating case, the cache is
   exactly full, the free list has size between vlowat and vhiwat above
   the free target, and recycling from the free list and normal use
   maintains this state. Sometimes the free list is below vlowat or even
   empty, but this state is even better for immediate use, provided the
   cache is not full. Otherwise, vnlru_proc() runs to reclaim enough
   vnodes (usually non-free ones) to reach one of these states. The
   watermarks are currently hard-coded as 4% and 9% of the available
   space. These, and the default of 25% for wantfreevnodes, are too large
   if the memory size is large. For example, 9% of 75% of MAXVNODES is
   more than 566000 vnodes to reclaim whenever vnlru_proc() becomes
   active.

   The vfs.vlru_alloc_cache_src sysctl is removed. The new code frees
   namecache sources as the last chance to satisfy the highest watermark,
   instead of selecting source vnodes randomly. This provides good enough
   behavior to keep vn_fullpath() working in most situations. Filesystem
   layouts with deep trees, where the removed knob was required, are thus
   handled automatically.

   As the kernel allocates and frees vnodes, it fully initializes them on
   every allocation and fully releases them on every free. These are not
   trivial costs: it starts by zeroing a large structure, then initializes
   a mutex, a lock manager lock, an rw lock, four lists, and six pointers.
   Looking at vfs.vnodes_created, these operations are being done millions
   of times an hour on a busy machine.

   As a performance optimization, this code update uses the uma_init and
   uma_fini routines to do these initializations and cleanups only as the
   vnodes enter and leave the vnode zone. With this change, the
   initializations are done kern.maxvnodes times at system startup, and
   then only rarely again. The frees are done only if the vnode zone
   shrinks, which never happens in practice. For those curious about the
   avoided work, look at the vnode_init() and vnode_fini() functions in
   sys/kern/vfs_subr.c to see the code that has been removed from the main
   vnode allocation/free path.
     __________________________________________________________________

Mellanox Drivers

   Links
   Hardware Information
    URL: http://www.mellanox.com/page/ethernet_cards_overview
   Commit Adding the Driver
    URL: https://svnweb.FreeBSD.org/changeset/base/290650

   Contact: Hans Petter Selasky <hselasky_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The Mellanox FreeBSD team is proud to announce support for the
   ConnectX-4 series of network cards in FreeBSD 11-current and FreeBSD
   10-stable. These devices deliver top performance, with up to 100GBit/s
   of raw transfer capacity, and support both Ethernet and Infiniband.
   Currently, the Ethernet driver is ready for use and the Infiniband
   support for ConnectX-4 is making good progress. We hope that it will be
   complete before FreeBSD 11.0 is released. For more technical
   information, refer to the mlx5en(4) manual page in 11-current. The new
   driver for ConnectX-4 cards is called mlx5 and is put under /sys/dev
   and not under /sys/ofed as was done for the previous mlx4 driver. The
   mlx5en(4) kernel module is compiled by default in GENERIC kernels.

   This project is sponsored by Mellanox Technologies.
     __________________________________________________________________

Minimal Kernel with PNP-Based Autoloading

   Links
   Blog Post
    URL: http://bsdimp.blogspot.com/2016/01/details-on-coming-automatic-module.html

   Contact: Warner Losh <imp_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Work on automatically loading modules based on the plug-and-play data
   from devices that are scanned and found to not already have a driver
   attached is in progress. Digging this information out from kernel
   modules, as well as tagging relevant bits of driver tables, has been
   committed. PC Card, USB, and some PCI devices now have these markings.
   This data is stored in a file that the kernel, boot loader, and
   userland processes all can access.

   When complete, a user will be able to run a minimal kernel (currently
   checked in as the MINIMAL config). Devices necessary for booting will
   be loaded by loader(8). Other devices may be loaded there, or early in
   the boot (depending on which gives better performance). Users will
   still be able to run more monolithic; configurations, as well as limit
   which kernel modules are available as can be done today, though without
   the convenience that automatic loading will provide. This work remains
   ongoing.

Open tasks:

    1. Go through all the simplebus drivers and add plug-and-play
       information there. Some additional minor simplebus functionality is
       needed. There is some work in progress for this.
    2. Go through all the PCI drivers and add plug-and-play information to
       them. Unlike PC Card or USB, the PCI bus does not have a stylized
       table of PCI IDs, so each driver invents its own method, meaning
       that the semi-mechanical conversion that was done with PC Card and
       USB will not be possible. Instead, customized code for each driver
       will be needed. Since a large number of drivers have their own
       device tables, the work will be primarily writing a description of
       the current table style.
    3. Run-time parsing and loading is still needed.
     __________________________________________________________________

MMC Stack Under CAM Framework

   Links
   Project Information
    URL: https://bakulin.de/freebsd/mmccam.html
   Source Code
    URL: https://github.com/kibab/FreeBSD/tree/mmccam
   Patch for Review
    URL: https://reviews.FreeBSD.org/D4761

   Contact: Ilya Bakulin <ilya_at_bakulin.de>

   The goal of this project is to reimplement the existing MMC/SD stack
   using the CAM framework. This will permit utilizing the well-tested CAM
   locking model and debug features. It will also be possible to process
   interrupts generated by the inserted card, which is a prerequisite for
   implementing the SDIO interface.

   The first version of the code was uploaded to Phabricator for review.
   The new stack is able to attach to the SD card and bring it to an
   operational state so it is possible to read and write to the card.

   The only supported SD controller driver is ti_sdhci, which is used on
   the BeagleBone Black. Modifying other SDHCI-compliant drivers should
   not be difficult.

Open tasks:

    1. Rework bus/target/LUN enumeration and the locking model. I do not
       really understand the CAM locking and am likely to do it
       incorrectly.
    2. Modify the SDHCI driver on at least one x86 platform. This will
       make development and collaboration easier.
    3. Begin implementing SDIO-specific bits.
     __________________________________________________________________

ntb_hw(4)/if_ntb(4) Driver Synced up to Linux

   Links
   Jon Mason's NTB wiki
    URL: https://github.com/jonmason/ntb/wiki
   Intel NTB whitepaper
    URL: https://www-ssl.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/white-papers/xeon-c5500-c3500-non-transparent-bridge-paper.pdf

   Contact: Conrad Meyer <cem_at_FreeBSD.org>

   ntb_hw(4) is now up-to-date with the Linux NTB driver as of the
   work-in-progress 4.4 kernel (and actually, contains some fixes that
   haven't landed in the mainline Linux tree yet but will land in 4.5).
   Only Back-to-back ("B2B") configurations are supported at this time.
   Going forward, newer hardware may only support the B2B configuration.

   if_ntb(4) is mostly up-to-date with the Linux NTB netdevice driver.
   Notably absent is support for changing the MTU at runtime.

   This project is sponsored by EMC / Isilon Storage Division.

Open tasks:

    1. Improving if_ntb(4) to avoid using the entire Base Address Register
       (BAR) when very large BAR sizes are configured (e.g., 512 GB).
    2. Improving pmap_mapdev(9) to somehow allocate only superpage
       mappings for large BARs, on platforms that support superpages. (NTB
       BARs can be as large as 512 GB.)
     __________________________________________________________________

Out of Memory Handler Rewrite

   Contact: Konstantin Belousov <kib_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The Out of Memory (OOM) code is intended to handle the situation where
   the system needs free memory to make progress, but no memory can be
   reused. Most often, the situation is that to free memory, the system
   needs more free memory. Consider a case where the system needs to
   page-out dirty pages, but needs to allocate structures to track the
   writes. OOM "solves" the problem by killing some selection of user
   processes. In other words, it trades away system deadlock by suffering
   a partial loss of user data. The assumption is that it is better to
   kill a process and recover data in other processes than to lose
   everything.

   Free memory in the FreeBSD Virtual Memory (VM) system appears from two
   sources. One is the voluntary reclamation of pages used by a process,
   for example unmapping private anonymous regions, or the last unlink of
   an otherwise unreferenced file with cached pages. Another source is the
   pagedaemon, which forcefully frees pages which carry data, of course
   after the data is moved to some other storage, like swap or file
   blocks. OOM is triggered when the pagedaemon definitely cannot free
   memory to satisfy the requests.

   The old criteria to trigger the OOM action was a combination of low
   free swap space and a low count of free pages (the latter is expressed
   precisely with the paging targets constants, but this is not relevant
   to the discussion). That test is mostly incorrect. For example, a low
   free page state might be caused by a greedy consumer allocating all
   pages freed by the page daemon in the current pass, but this does not
   preclude the page daemon from producing more pages. Also, since
   page-outs are asynchronous, the previous page daemon pass might not
   immmediately produce any free pages, but they would appear some short
   time later.

   More seriously, low swap space does not necessarily indicate that we
   are in trouble: lots of pages might not require swap allocations to be
   freed, like clean pages or pages backed by files. The last notion is
   serious, since swap-less systems were considered as having full swap.

   Instead of trying to deduce the deadlock from looking at the current VM
   state, the new OOM handler tracks the history of page daemon passes.
   Only when several consecutive passes failed to meet the paging target
   is an OOM kill considered necessary. The count of consequent failed
   passes was selected empirically, by testing on small (32M) and large
   (512G) machines. Auto-tuning of the counter is possible, but requires
   some more architectural changes to the I/O subsystem.

   Another issue was identified with the algorithm which selects a victim
   process for OOM kill. It compared the counts of pages mapping entries
   (PTEs) installed into the machine paging structures. For different
   reasons, the machine-dependent VM code (pmap) may remove the pte for a
   memory-resident page. Under some circumstances related to other
   measures to prevent low memory deadlock, very large processes which
   consume all system memory could have few or no ptes. The old OOM
   selector ignored the process which caused the deadlock, killing
   unrelated processes.

   A new function, vm_pageout_oom_pagecount(), was written which applies a
   reasonable heuristic to estimate the number of pages freed by killing
   the given process. This eliminates the effect of selecting small
   unrelated processes for OOM kill.

   The rewrite was committed to head in r290917 and r290920.

   This project is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation.
     __________________________________________________________________

sendfile(2) Improvements

   Links
   Commit to Head
    URL: https://svnweb.FreeBSD.org/base?view=revision&revision=293439
   Slides
    URL: http://www.slideshare.net/facepalmtarbz2/new-sendfile-in-english
   Presentation (in Russian)
    URL: https://events.yandex.ru/lib/talks/2682/

   Contact: Gleb Smirnoff <glebius_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The sendfile(2) system call was introduced in 1998 as an alternative to
   a traditional read(2)/write(2) loop, speeding up server performance by
   a factor of ten at the time. Since it was adopted by all major
   operating systems, it is now used by any serious web server software.
   Wherever there is high traffic, there is sendfile(2) under the hood.

   Now, with FreeBSD 11, we are making the next revolutinary step in
   serving traffic. sendfile(2) no longer blocks waiting on disk I/O.
   Instead, it immediately returns control to the application, performing
   the necessary I/O in the background. The original sendfile(2) waited
   for the disk read operation to complete and then put the data that was
   read into the socket, then returned to userspace. If a web server
   served thousands of clients with thousands of requests, it was forced
   to spawn extra contexts from which to run sendfile(2) to avoid stalls.
   Alternatively, it could use special tricks like the SF_NODISKIO flag
   that forces sendfile(2) to serve only content that is cached in memory.
   Now, these tricks are in the past, and a web server can simply use
   sendfile(2) as it would use write(2), without any extra care. The new
   sendfile cuts out the overhead of extra contexts, short writes, and
   extra syscalls to prepopulate the cache, bringing performance to a new
   level.

   The new syscall is built on top of two newly-introduced kernel
   features. The first is an asynchronous VM pager interface and the
   corresponding VOP_GETPAGES_ASYNC() file system method for UFS. The
   second is the concept of "not ready" data in sockets. When sendfile(2)
   is called, first VOP_GETPAGES_ASYNC() is called, which dispatches I/O
   requests for completion. Buffers with pages to be populated are put
   into the socket buffer, but flagged as not-yet-ready. Control
   immediately returns to the application. When the I/O is finished, the
   buffers are marked as ready, and the socket is activated to continue
   transmission.

   Additional features of the new sendfile are new flags that provide the
   application with extra control over the transmitted content. Now it is
   possible to prevent caching of content in memory, which is useful when
   it is known that the content is unlikely to be reused any time soon. In
   such cases, it is better to let the associated storage be freed, rather
   than putting the data in cache. It is also possible to specify a
   readahead with every syscall, if the application can predict client
   behavior.

   The new sendfile(2) is a drop-in replacement, API and ABI compatible
   with the old one. Applications do not even need to recompile to benefit
   from the new implementation.

   This work is a joint effort between two companies: NGINX, Inc., and
   Netflix. There were many people involved in the project. At its initial
   stage, before code was written, the idea of such an asynchronous
   drop-in replacement was discussed amongst Gleb Smirnoff, Scott Long,
   Konstantin Belousov, Adrian Chadd, and Igor Sysoev. The initial
   prototype was coded by Gleb under the supervision of Kostik on the VM
   parts of the patch, and under constant pressure from Igor, who demanded
   that nginx be capable of running with the new sendfile(2) with no
   modifications. The prototype demonstrated good performance and
   stability and quickly went into Netflix production in late 2014. During
   2015, the code matured and continued serving production traffic at
   Netflix. Scott Long, Randall R. Stewart, Maksim Yevmenkin, and Andrew
   Gallatin added their contributions to the code.

   Now we are releasing the code behind our success to the FreeBSD
   community, making it available to all FreeBSD users worldwide!

   This project is sponsored by Netflix, and NGINX, Inc..

Open tasks:

    1. SSL_sendfile() -- an extension to the new sendfile(2) that allows
       uploading session keys to the kernel, and then using sendfile(2) on
       an SSL-enabled socket.
     __________________________________________________________________

sysctl Enhancements

   Links
   Wikipedia Entry on C99 Fixed-Width Integer Types
    URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_data_types#Fixed-width_integer_types
   sysctl(8) -t Submission PR
    URL: https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=203918

   Contact: Conrad Meyer <cem_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Ravi Pokala <rpokala_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Marcelo Araujo <araujo_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Support was added for fixed-width sysctls (signed and unsigned 8-bit,
   16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit integers). The new KPIs are documented in
   the sysctl(9) manual page. The sysctl(8) command line tool supports all
   of the new types.

   sysctl(8) gained the -t flag, which prints sysctl type information (the
   original patch was submitted by Yoshihiro Ota). This support includes
   the newly added fixed-width types.

   This project is sponsored by EMC / Isilon Storage Division.
     __________________________________________________________________

Touchscreen Support for Raspberry Pi and Beaglebone Black

   Links
   Beaglebone Black with 4DCAPE-43T Demo
    URL: http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=534
   Input Stack Plans
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/201510DevSummit/GraphicsStack
   evdev Port
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/SummerOfCode2014/evdev_Touchscreens

   Contact: Oleksandr Tymoshenko <gonzo_at_FreeBSD.org>

   There are two working proof-of-concept drivers for the AM335x
   touchscreen and for the official Raspberry Pi's touchscreen LCD.

   Proper touchscreen support would consist of a userland event reading
   API, a kernel event reporting API, and kernel hardware drivers for
   specific devices. There is an ongoing effort to port the Linux evdev
   API to FreeBSD so applications that use libraries like libinput or
   tslib could be used without any major changes. Since it is not yet
   complete, I created a naive evdev-like API for both kernel and tslib
   and was able to run a demo on a Beaglebone Black with 4DCAPE-43T.

   Once evdev makes it into the tree, both hardware drivers can be
   modified to include "report events" portions and committed.
     __________________________________________________________________

armv6 Hard Float Default ABI

   Links
   Blog Entry
    URL: http://bsdimp.blogspot.com/2015/12/hard-float-api-coming-soon-by-default.html

   Contact: Warner Losh <imp_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Work on moving armv6 from a "soft float" ABI (but still using hardware
   floating point) to a fully "hardware float" API moves forward. The
   ability to have both soft and hard ABI libraries on the same system is
   now functional. All armv6 and armv7 systems we support have hardware
   floating point capabilities. We currently use the floating-point
   hardware, but with a slightly un-optimal ABI, for compatibility with
   older versions of FreeBSD. The ABI differences are only at the
   userspace level -- the kernel does not care what floating-point ABI is
   used, and both types of binaries can run at the same time.

   The run-time linker now knows if a binary uses the hardware float ABI
   or the software float ABI by examining some fields in the ELF header.
   The linker uses different paths and config files for hard versus soft
   binaries. The rc system has been enhanced to load the software float
   paths. ldconfig now understands soft libraries in much the same way
   that it understands 32-bit libraries on 64-bit systems. No additional
   kernel support was necessary for this, apart from a minor patch to pass
   the ELF header information to the binary, which has been in the tree
   since last summer.

   The experimental armv6hf MACHINE_ARCH will be retired after a
   transition period. It will cease to mean anything different from armv6
   after the build system changes go in. Support for building soft-float
   ABI libraries will remain in the tree, to support the WITH_LIBSOFT
   build option.

Open tasks:

    1. Complete documentation needs to be written.
    2. Hooks into the FreeBSD build system to generate soft float and
       transition to hard float after a flag day need to be polished up
       and committed.
    3. A number of different upgrade/coexistence scenarios need to be
       tested, and a full package run needs to be done to assess the
       latest state of the ports tree. This work should be completed by
       the end of January.
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD on Marvell Armada38x

   Contact: Marcin Wojtas <mw_at_semihalf.com>
   Contact: Michal Stanek <mst_at_semihalf.com>
   Contact: Bartosz Szczepanek <bsz_at_semihalf.com>
   Contact: Jan Dabros <jsd_at_semihalf.com>

   FreeBSD has been ported to run on the Marvell Armada38x platform. This
   SoC family boasts single/dual high-performance ARM Cortex-A9 CPUs.

   The multi-user SMP system is fully working and has been tested on
   Marvell DB-88F6288-GP and SolidRun ClearFog development boards.

   The root filesystem can be hosted on a USB 3.0/2.0 drive or via NFS
   using a PCIe network card. Experimental support is available for
   on-chip Gigabit Ethernet (NETA).

   Additional features:
     * GIC+MPIC cascaded interrupts courtesy of INTRNG
     * CESA dual-channel cryptographic engine
     * USB 3.0 and 2.0
     * PCIe 2.0
     * I2C
     * GPIO
     * Watchdog
     * RTC

   The port is under community review and will be integrated into head
   soon.

   This project is sponsored by Stormshield, and Semihalf.

Open tasks:

    1. Optimize performance of NETA and prepare for submission.
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD on Newer ARM Boards

   Links
   FreeBSD on Odroid-C1
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD/arm/Odroid-C1
   Commit Adding Glue Driver
    URL: https://svnweb.FreeBSD.org/changeset/base/291683

   Contact: John Wehle <john_at_feith.com>
   Contact: Ganbold Tsagaankhuu <ganbold_at_FreeBSD.org>

   We made the changes required to support the Amlogic Meson Ethernet
   controller on the Hardkernel ODROID-C1 board, which has an Amlogic
   aml8726-m8b SoC. The main effort needed was to write a glue driver for
   the Ethernet controller -- the Amlogic Meson Ethernet controller is
   compatible with Synopsys DesignWare 10/100/1000 Ethernet MAC (if_dwc).
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD on SoftIron Overdrive 3000

   Links
   SoftIron Website
    URL: http://softiron.co.uk/products/

   Contact: Andrew Turner <andrew_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The SoftIron Overdrive 3000 is an ARMv8 based server with an 8-core AMD
   Opteron A1100 processor. The Overdrive 3000 has two 10Gbase-T Ethernet
   ports, two PCI Express ports, and eight SATA ports. FreeBSD has been
   updated to be able to boot on this hardware.

   Support for the SATA device was added to the ahci(4) driver. Unlike on
   x86, this is a Memory Mapped (mmio) device, and not on the PCI bus. To
   support this, a new ahci mmio driver attachment has been added.

   The generic PCIe driver has been updated to improve interrupt handling.
   This includes supporting the interrupt-map devicetree property, and
   supporting MSI and MSI-X interrupts on arm64.

   Support for MSI and MSI-X interrupts has been added to the ARM Generic
   Interrupt Controller v2 (gicv2) driver. This allows devices to use
   these interrupts. This has been tested with a collection of PCIe NIC
   hardware.

   This project is sponsored by SoftIron Inc..

Open tasks:

    1. Write a driver for the 10Gbase-T NIC.
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD/arm64

   Links
   FreeBSD arm64 Wiki Entry
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/arm64

   Contact: Andrew Turner <andrew_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Konstantin Belousov <kib_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Ed Maste <emaste_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Ed Schouten <ed_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Support was added for kernel modules. This included adding the needed
   relocation types to the in-kernel relocator, and updating the build
   logic to build modules for arm64. CTF data is currently not generated
   for modules due to a linker bug.

   Shared page support was added. This allows gettimeofday(2) to be
   implemented in userland by directly accessing the timer register. This
   reduces the overhead of these calls as we no longer need to call into
   the kernel. This also moves the signal trampoline code away from the
   stack, allowing for the stack to become non-executable.

   CloudABI support for arm64 was added. This included moving the
   machine-independent code into a separate file to be shared among all
   architectures. An issue in the arm64 kernel was found and fixed thanks
   to the CloudABI test suite.

   Self-hosted poudriere package builds have been tested. These complement
   the previous build strategy of using qemu usermode emulation. With this
   combination of self-hosted and qemu usermode building, many ports that
   used to be broken on arm64 have been fixed, resulting in over 17,000
   ports building for the architecture.

   The machine-dependent portion of kernel support for single-stepping
   userland binaries has been started. This will allow debuggers like lldb
   to step through an application while debugging.

   Many small fixes have been made to FreeBSD/arm64. These include fixing
   stack tracing through exceptions, printing more information about "data
   abort" kernel panics, cleaning up the atomic functions, supporting
   multi-pass driver attachment, fixing userland stack alignment, cleaning
   up early page table creation, fixing asynchronous software trap
   handling, and enabling interrupts in exception handlers.

   This project is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation, and ABT Systems
   Ltd.
     __________________________________________________________________

FreeBSD/RISC-V

   Links
   Project Wiki
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/riscv

   Contact: Ruslan Bukin <br_at_bsdpad.com>
   Contact: Ed Maste <emaste_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Arun Thomas <arun.thomas_at_baesystems.com>

   We have begun work on support for the RISC-V architecture.

   RISC-V is a new ISA designed to support computer architecture research
   and education that is now set to become a standard open architecture
   for industry implementations.

   A minimal set of changes needed to compile the kernel toolchain has
   been committed, along with machine headers, run-time linker (rtld-elf)
   support, and libc/libstand.

   All development has been happening in a separate branch, with a goal of
   moving development to head in a few weeks.

   At present, FreeBSD/RISC-V boots to multiuser in the Spike simulator.

   This project is sponsored by DARPA, AFRL, and HEIF5.

Open tasks:

    1. We plan to commit the rest of userspace (i.e., libc), kernel
       support, etc., in a few weeks.
     __________________________________________________________________

Improvements for ARMv6/v7 Support

   Contact: Dominik Ermel <der_at_semihalf.com>
   Contact: Wojciech Macek <wma_at_semihalf.com>
   Contact: Zbigniew Bodek <zbb_at_semihalf.com>

   Numerous improvements for the ARMv6/v7 kernel and tools have been
   developed by the Semihalf team. Those include:
     * Fixes for KGDB support.
     * Support for branch instructions in ptrace single stepping.
     * Fixes for kernel minidumps.
     * Improvements for LIBUSBBOOT.
     * Support for Exynos EHCI in the loader.
     * A fix for instruction single stepping in DDB.
     * Support for hardware watchpoints, including watchpoints on SMP
       systems.
     * Single stepping using the ARM Debug Architecture.
     * Support for gzip-compressed kernel modules in kldload.
     * Backport of the new pmap VM code to FreeBSD 10-STABLE (not yet sent
       to upstream).

   Most of the introduced changes have been committed to head and more are
   on the way.

   This project is sponsored by Juniper Networks Inc., and Semihalf.

Open tasks:

    1. Finish upstreaming the hardware watchpoints support.
     __________________________________________________________________

Base System Build Improvements

   Links
   FreeBSD-Arch Post Describing Plans
    URL: https://lists.FreeBSD.org/pipermail/freebsd-arch/2015-December/017571.html
   BSDCan 2014 META_MODE Presentation
    URL: http://www.bsdcan.org/2014/schedule/events/460.en.html
   WITH_FAST_DEPEND Details
    URL: https://svnweb.FreeBSD.org/base?view=revision&revision=290433
   WITH_CCACHE_BUILD Details
    URL: https://svnweb.FreeBSD.org/base?view=revision&revision=290526

   Contact: Bryan Drewery <bdrewery_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Bryan Drewery (bdrewery_at_) has been working to improve the build
   framework as well as buildworld build times. The build system has been
   largely untouched by large-scale changes for many years. Most of the
   effort has been on improving the recent META_MODE merge that was
   presented at BSDCan 2014. This is a new build system that is not
   currently enabled by default but brings many benefits. Beyond that,
   some highlights of the work changing buildworld are:
     * WITH_FAST_DEPEND, which avoids calling "mkdep" during the make
       depend phase and instead generates dependency files during
       compilation. The old scheme was pre-processing all source files
       twice. The new version saves 16-35% in build times.
     * WITH_CCACHE_BUILD adds built-in ccache support, avoiding many of
       the historical pitfalls of changing CC in make.conf to use ccache.
     * Many improvements for parallelization of the build.
     * LIBADD improvements to ensure proper usage of this tool to replace
       duplicate LDADD and DPADD statements. Further work is under way to
       reduce overlinking.
     * A lot of cleanup of improper framework usage.
     * Ensuring that installing files from the build tree fails if the
       destination directory is missing, rather than installing a file as
       the directory name.

   This project is sponsored by EMC / Isilon Storage Division.

Open tasks:

    1. See the FreeBSD-arch mail for more information on planned work.
     __________________________________________________________________

ELF Tool Chain Tools

   Links
   ELF Tool Chain Website
    URL: http://elftoolchain.sourceforge.net

   Contact: Ed Maste <emaste_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The ELF Tool Chain project provides BSD-licensed implementations of
   compilation tools and libraries for building and analyzing ELF objects.
   The project began as part of FreeBSD but later became an independent
   project in order to encourage wider participation from others in the
   open-source developer community.

   In the last quarter of 2015 the ELF Tool Chain tools were updated to a
   snapshot of upstream Subversion revision 3272. Improvements include
   better input file validation, RISC-V support, support for Xen ELF
   notes, additional MIPS and ARM relocations, better performance, and bug
   fixes.

   The ELF Tool Chain project is planning a new release in the first
   quarter of 2016, which will facilitate wider testing and use by
   projects in addition to FreeBSD.

   This project is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation.

Open tasks:

    1. Add missing functionality (PE/COFF support) to elfcopy and migrate
       the base system build.
    2. Fix issues found by fuzzing inputs to the tools.
    3. Add automatic support for separate debug files.
     __________________________________________________________________

The LLDB Debugger

   Links
   FreeBSD LLDB Wiki Page
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/lldb

   Contact: Ed Maste <emaste_at_FreeBSD.org>

   LLDB is the debugger from the LLVM family of projects. Originally
   developed for Mac OS X, it now also supports FreeBSD, NetBSD, Linux,
   Android, and Windows. It builds on existing components in the larger
   LLVM project, for example using Clang's expression parser and LLVM's
   disassembler.

   LLDB in the FreeBSD base system was upgraded to version 3.7.0 as part
   of the Clang and LLVM upgrade, and it will similarly be upgraded again
   to 3.8.0 for FreeBSD 11.0-RELEASE.

   LLDB is now enabled by default on the amd64 and arm64 platforms. It is
   now a functional basic debugger on arm64, after a number of fixes were
   made in the last quarter to both LLDB and the FreeBSD kernel.

   This project is sponsored by The FreeBSD Foundation.

Open tasks:

    1. Rework the LLDB build to use LLVM and Clang shared libraries.
    2. Port a remote debugging stub to FreeBSD.
    3. Add support for local and core file kernel debugging.
    4. Improve support on architectures other than amd64 and arm64.
     __________________________________________________________________

Updates to GDB

   Links
   New 1:1-Only Thread Target for FreeBSD
    URL: https://github.com/bsdjhb/gdb/tree/freebsd-threads

   Contact: John Baldwin <jhb_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The KGDB option is now on by default in the devel/gdb port.

   Changes to support cross-debugging of crashdumps in libkvm were
   committed to head in r291406.

   A new thread target for FreeBSD that is suitable for merging upstream
   has been written and lightly tested. However, it is not yet available
   as an option in the port. This thread target uses ptrace(2) directly
   rather than libthread_db and as such supports threads on all ABIs (such
   as FreeBSD/i386 binaries on FreeBSD/amd64 and possibly Linux binaries,
   though that is not yet tested). It also requires less-invasive changes
   in the MD targets in GDB compared to the libthread_db-based target.

Open tasks:

    1. Add a port option for the new 1:1-only thread target.
    2. Test the new 1:1-only thread target.
    3. Figure out why the powerpc kgdb targets are not able to unwind the
       stack past the initial frame.
    4. Add support for more platforms (arm, mips, aarch64) to upstream gdb
       for both userland and kgdb.
    5. Add support for debugging powerpc vector registers.
     __________________________________________________________________

Bringing GitLab into the Ports Collection

   Links
   PR for the New Port
    URL: https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=202468
   Installation Guide
    URL: https://github.com/t-zuehlsdorff/gitlabhq/blob/8-3-docu/doc/install/installation-freebsd.md
   Upstream GitLab website
    URL: https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/

   Contact: Torsten Zühlsdorff <ports_at_toco-domains.de>

   GitLab is a web-based Git repository manager with many features that is
   used by more than 100,000 organizations including NASA and Alibaba. It
   also is a very long-standing entry on the "Wanted Ports" list of the
   FreeBSD Wiki.

   In the last quarter, there was steady progress in the project itself
   and the porting. The current release of GitLab 8.3 is now based on
   Rails 4.2, which obsoletes the need for around 50 new ports. Now there
   are only 5 dependencies left to be committed!

   While the new version of GitLab 8.3 eases the porting, there are big
   changes since the last working port of GitLab 7.14. Nonetheless, it
   could be expected to see the next working port in the first quarter of
   2016.

   This project is sponsored by anyMOTION GRAPHICS GmbH, Düsseldorf,
   Germany.

Open tasks:

    1. Update the patches from GitLab 7.14 to 8.3.
    2. Update the documentation.
    3. Provide an updated patch.
     __________________________________________________________________

GNOME on FreeBSD

   Links
   FreeBSD Gnome Website
    URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome
   Devel Repository
    URL: https://github.com/FreeBSD/freebsd-ports-gnome
   Upstream Build Bot
    URL: https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Jhbuild/FreeBSD
   USE_GNOME Porter's Handbook Chapter
    URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/using-gnome.html

   Contact: FreeBSD GNOME Team <freebsd-gnome_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The FreeBSD GNOME Team maintains the GNOME, MATE, and CINNAMON desktop
   environments and graphical user interfaces for FreeBSD. GNOME 3 is part
   of the GNU Project. MATE is a fork of the GNOME 2 desktop. CINNAMON is
   a desktop environment using GNOME 3 technologies but with a GNOME 2
   look and feel.

   This quarter, due to limited available time there was not much
   progress. This began to change in December, when work started on
   porting MATE 1.12 and CINNAMON 2.8 to FreeBSD.

Open tasks:

    1. The FreeBSD GNOME website is stale. Work is under way to improve
       it.
    2. Continue working on investigating the issues blocking GNOME 3.18.
     __________________________________________________________________

IPv6 Promotion Campaign

   Links
   Wiki Page
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/IPv6PortsTODO

   Contact: Torsten Zühlsdorff <ports_at_toco-domains.de>

   There are more and more machines on the internet that only support
   IPv6. I manage some of them, and was regularly hit by missing IPv6
   support when fetching the distfiles needed for building ports.

   I did some research into the impact of missing IPv6 support on the
   ports tree. The results are that 10,308 of 25,522 ports are not
   fetchable when using IPv6. This renders, through dependencies, a total
   of 17,715 ports unbuildable from IPv6-only systems. All you can do then
   is wait and hope that distcache.FreeBSD.org caches the distfile. But
   this will take some time, which might not be a luxury available when a
   piece of software in use is hit by a security issue.

   Based on the research, a promotion campaign for IPv6 was started. Some
   volunteers will contact the relevant system administrators and try to
   convince them to support IPv6. This will start in January 2016 and will
   hopefully create some progress soon.
     __________________________________________________________________

KDE on FreeBSD

   Links
   KDE on FreeBSD Website
    URL: https://FreeBSD.kde.org/
   Experimental KDE Ports Staging Area
    URL: https://FreeBSD.kde.org/area51.php
   KDE on FreeBSD Wiki
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/KDE
   KDE/FreeBSD Mailing List
    URL: https://mail.kde.org/mailman/listinfo/kde-FreeBSD
   Development Repository for Integrating KDE Frameworks 5 and Plasma 5
    URL: http://src.mouf.net/area51/log/branches/plasma5

   Contact: KDE on FreeBSD team <kde_at_FreeBSD.org>

   The KDE on FreeBSD team focuses on packaging and making sure that the
   experience of KDE and Qt on FreeBSD is as good as possible.

   The team kept busy during the last quarter of 2015. Quite a few big
   updates were committed to the ports tree, and a few more are being
   worked on in our experimental repository.

   As in previous quarters, we would like to thank several people who have
   contributed with machines, patches, and general help. Tobias Berner,
   Guido Falsi (madpilot_at_), Adriaan de Groot, Ralf Nolden, Steve Wills
   (swills_at_), and Josh Paetzel (jpaetzel_at_) have been essential to our
   work.

   The following big updates landed in the ports tree this quarter. In
   many cases, we have also contributed patches to the upstream projects.
     * CMake 3.4.0 and 3.4.1
     * Calligra 2.9.1, the latest release of the integrated work
       applications suite. Calligra had last been updated in the ports
       tree at the end of 2013!
     * PyQt4 4.11.4, QScintilla2 2.9.1 and SIP 4.17.
     * PyQt5 5.5.1. Thanks to the work spearheaded by Guido Falsi and
       Tobias Berner in the previous quarter, the PyQt5 ports have finally
       been committed to the ports tree. Not only was this long-awaited on
       its own, it allows other ports to be updated to their latest
       versions.
     * QtCreator 3.5.1 and 3.6.0.
     * A couple of Qt5 packaging bugs were fixed: it should now be more
       straightforward to use the Qt5 ports to build software outside the
       ports tree, and it is now possible to build ports that require a
       C++11 compiler and Qt5 on FreeBSD 9.x.

   Work on updating the Qt5 ports to their latest version, as well as
   porting KDE Frameworks 5 and Plasma 5 to FreeBSD, is well under way in
   our experimental area51 repository. At the moment, it contains Qt5
   5.5.1, KDE Frameworks 5.17.0, Plasma 5.5.1 and KDE Applications
   15.12.0.

   Users interested in testing those ports are encouraged to follow the
   instructions in our website and report their results to our mailing
   list. Qt5 5.5.1 is in our "qt-5.5" branch, and Plasma 5 and the rest is
   in the "plasma5" branch (which also contains Qt 5.5.1).

Open tasks:

    1. Commit the Qt5 5.5.1 update.
    2. Land the KDE Frameworks 5 and Plasma 5 ports in the tree.
    3. Investigate what needs to be done to make QtWebEngine, the
       Chromium-based replacement for QtWebKit, work on FreeBSD.
     __________________________________________________________________

Linux Kernel as a Library Added to the Ports Collection

   Links
   Upstream LKL Github repository
    URL: https://github.com/lkl/linux

   Contact: Conrad Meyer <cem_at_FreeBSD.org>

   LKL ("Linux Kernel as a Library") is a special "architecture" of the
   full Linux kernel that builds as a userspace library on various
   platforms, including FreeBSD. One application of such a library is
   using Linux filesystem drivers to implement a FUSE backend.

   fusefs-lkl's lklfuse binary is such a FUSE filesystem. It can mount
   ext4/3/2, XFS, and BTRFS read-write, using the native drivers from
   Linux.

   sysutils/fusefs-lkl can now be installed either from packages or ports,
   providing access to these filesystems on FreeBSD via FUSE.
     __________________________________________________________________

LXQt on FreeBSD

   Links
   FreeBSD LXQt Project
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/LXQt
   LXQt Devel Repository
    URL: https://www.assembla.com/spaces/lxqt/subversion/source

   Contact: Olivier Duchateau <olivierd_at_FreeBSD.org>

   LXQt is the Qt port of and the upcoming version of LXDE, the
   Lightweight Desktop Environment. It is the product of the merge between
   the LXDE-Qt and the Razor-qt projects.

   The porting effort remains very much a work in progress: it needs some
   components of Plasma 5, the new major KDE workspace.

   Currently, only the 0.10 branch is functional. See our wiki page for a
   complete list of applications.

   We also sent updates for some components of LXDE, required for the LXQt
   desktop:
     * x11/menu-cache 1.0.1
     * x11/lxmenu-data 0.1.4

   Binary packages are available (only for test purposes) which are
   regularly tested with the KDE development repository.

Open tasks:

    1. Port libsysstat to BSD systems.
    2. Fix some issues that need to be resolved, especially the shutdown
       and reboot commands.
     __________________________________________________________________

New Tools to Enhance the Porting Experience

   Links
   pytoport: Generate FreeBSD Ports from Python modules on PyPI
    URL: https://github.com/FreeBSD/pytoport
   bandar: Create Development Overlays for the Ports Tree
    URL: https://github.com/bbqsrc/bandar
   skog: Generate Visual Dependency Trees for FreeBSD Ports
    URL: https://github.com/bbqsrc/skog-python
   spdx-lookup: SPDX License List Query Tool
    URL: https://github.com/bbqsrc/spdx-lookup-python

   Contact: Brendan Molloy <brendan+freebsd_at_bbqsrc.net>

   When I starting working on ports for FreeBSD in the last couple of
   weeks, I found that my workflow was not as efficient as it could be
   using just the available tools, so I made a few that could be useful to
   the development community at large. All of these have been or will soon
   be added to the Ports tree, so you can play with them today!

   pytoport is a command-line application that generates a skeleton port
   for a given PyPI package name. It attempts to generate the correct
   dependencies, makes a good attempt at guessing the license using
   spdx-lookup, and generates a pkg-descr. This made generating the
   fifteen or so ports I was working on a complete breeze.

   While doing this, however, I noticed that some ports were bringing in
   dependencies that I did not expect, and I needed some way to visualise
   this. skog builds a dependency tree from the depends lists output by
   the Ports framework, and displays it on the command line (with extra
   shiny output if you are using UTF-8). No more pesky example and
   documentation dependencies being dragged in when you clearly toggled
   that OPTION as far off as it would go.

   While doing all of this, I found it cumbersome to be copying ports back
   and forth between my small development tree living in git and the
   larger upstream SVN tree I was using in poudriere. I built a tool
   called bandar that takes advantage of the FUSE version of unionfs to
   easily overlay my dev tree on the upstream tree, run lint checks,
   poudriere, and generate archives with ease.

   I am very impressed with how easy it was to build more tooling for
   FreeBSD. I hope some of these tools will be of some use to you, and as
   always, I'd love to hear your feedback!

Open tasks:

    1. Improve skog to support searching a tree for a certain port.
    2. Get the bandar port completed.
    3. Continue to improve pytoport, adding trove support and better
       dependency handling.
    4. Patches welcome for all of the above!
     __________________________________________________________________

Node.js Modules

   Links
   Node.js Modules Repository
    URL: https://www.assembla.com/spaces/cozycloud/subversion/source

   Contact: Olivier Duchateau <olivierd_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Node.js is a platform built on Chrome's JavaScript runtime for easily
   building fast, scalable network applications. It uses an event-driven,
   non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient --
   perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across
   distributed devices.

   The goal of this project is to make it easy to install the modules
   available in the npm package registry.

   Currently, the repository contains slightly fewer than 300 new ports,
   in particular:
     * Socket.IO, a library for realtime web applications
     * Jison, a JavaSript parser generator

   We have improved the USES framework:
     * Users can define which version of Node.js will be installed through
       /etc/make.conf.
     * node-gyp is now well-integrated into the USES framework, via the
       build argument.
     * The pkg-plist is now automatically generated to make portlint
       happy.

   Each port is up-to-date.

Open tasks:

    1. Update the pre-draft documentation.
    2. Bring in grunt.js (and modules), the JavaScript task runner.
     __________________________________________________________________

Ports Collection

   Links
   Ports Collection Landing Page
    URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/ports/
   Contributor's Guide
    URL: https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/articles/contributing/ports-contributing.html
   Ports Monitoring Service
    URL: http://portsmon.FreeBSD.org/index.html
   Ports Management Team Website
    URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/portmgr/index.html
   Portmgr on Facebook
    URL: http://www.facebook.com/portmgr

   Contact: Frederic Culot <portmgr-secretary_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: Frederic Culot <culot_at_FreeBSD.org>
   Contact: FreeBSD Ports Management Team <portmgr_at_FreeBSD.org>

   As of the end of the fourth quarter, the ports tree holds a bit more
   than 25,000 ports, and the PR count is around 2,000. The activity on
   the ports tree remains steady, with about 7,000 commits performed by
   almost 120 active committers.

   On the problem reports front, figures show an encouraging trend, with a
   significant increase in the number of PRs fixed during Q4. Indeed,
   almost 1,800 reports were fixed, which makes an increase of about 20%
   compared to Q3.

   In Q4, eight commit bits were taken in for safekeeping, following an
   inactivity period of more than 18 months (lioux, lippe, simon, jhay,
   max, sumikawa, alexey, sperber). Three new developers were granted a
   ports commit bit (Kenji Takefu, Carlos Puga Medina, and Ian Lepore),
   and one returning committer (miwi) had his commit bit reinstated.

   Also related to the management of ports commit bits, nox's grants were
   revoked, since the FreeBSD developers learned that Juergen Lock had
   passed away.

   On the management side, no changes were made to the portmgr team during
   Q4.

   On QA side 33 exp-runs were performed to validate sensitive updates or
   cleanups. Amongst those noticeable changes are the update to GCC 4.9,
   CMake to 3.4.1, PostgreSQL to 9.4, and ruby-gems to 2.5.0. Some
   infrastructure changes included the usage of a WRKSRC different from
   WRKDIR when NO_WRKSUBDIR is set, the removal of bsd.cpu.mk from sys.mk,
   and the move of QT_NONSTANDARD to bsd.qt.mk.

Open tasks:

    1. We would like to remind everyone that the ports tree is built and
       run by volunteers, and any help is greatly appreciated. While Q4
       saw a significant increase in the number of problem reports fixed,
       we encourage all ports committers to have a look at the issues
       reported by our users and try to fix as many as possible. Many
       thanks to all who made a contribution during Q4, and keep up the
       good work in 2016!
     __________________________________________________________________

Supporting Variants in the Ports Framework

   Links
   Poudriere PoC with Variants
    URL: https://github.com/bbqsrc/poudriere/compare/master...feature/variants
   Ports Makefile PoC with Examples
    URL: https://gist.github.com/bbqsrc/e7e3a54d84706485aa3a

   Contact: Brendan Molloy <brendan+freebsd_at_bbqsrc.net>

   I recently became involved with FreeBSD (as in, the last 2-3 weeks),
   and found myself quickly involved with Ports development. What struck
   me immediately was the difficulty in providing a Python package that
   was depended upon by multiple versions of Python. As it turns out,
   poudriere can currently only generate one package per port, meaning
   that a Python version-neutral (compatible with 2.x and 3.x) port cannot
   simultaneously be packaged for each variant at the same time.

   I discussed the issue with Kubilay Kocak, who suggested that I look
   into implementing a "variants protocol" within the Ports framework and
   the necessary changes to poudriere to allow a port to generate more
   than one package.

   Support for variants is strongly needed in Ports and provides
   significant benefits.
     * It would allow Python and other languages to provide packages for
       dependencies for multiple language versions from the same port.
     * It alleviates the need for so-called "slave ports", as a single
       port could now have multiple generated packages from a single port.
     * It would have a very small impact on the greater Ports ecosystem:
       adding only two new variables, VARIANT and VARIANTS.
     * It would provide a more consistent approach between different
       packaging teams for handling variations.

   For a simple example, editors/vim-lite could be folded into the
   editors/vim port, while still generating a vim and vim-lite package.
   For Python, VARIANTS can be derived from the already used USES flags
   and generate compatible packages. py27-foobar and py34-foobar could now
   be consistently generated by poudriere without issue.

   Fortunately, this is not a wishful thinking piece. I dug in my heels
   and have implemented a proof-of-concept implementation of variants in
   the Ports framework, including the necessary modifications to poudriere
   in order to support it. It was mildly upsettling to find that poudriere
   is mostly written in Bourne shell scripts, but I pressed on
   nonetheless.

   I started with the prototype made by Baptiste Daroussin as a base, and
   built from there. The poudriere PoC aims to limit changes as much as
   possible to merely adding support for the new variants flags, while
   also at the request of Kubilay Kocak making the logging output more
   package-centric (as opposed to port-centric) as a result of these
   changes.

   This is a work in progress, and I would love to hear your feedback. I
   have enjoyed my first few weeks working on FreeBSD, and I hope to stay
   here for quite some time.

Open tasks:

    1. Any constructive feedback on the implementation would be very
       welcome!
    2. Hopefully the code will be of sufficient quality to be considered
       for formal review in the coming months.
     __________________________________________________________________

Xfce on FreeBSD

   Links
   FreeBSD Xfce Project
    URL: https://wiki.FreeBSD.org/Xfce
   FreeBSD Xfce Repository
    URL: https://www.assembla.com/spaces/xfce4/subversion/source

   Contact: FreeBSD Xfce Team <xfce_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Xfce is a free software desktop environment for Unix and Unix-like
   platforms, such as FreeBSD. It aims to be fast and lightweight, while
   still being visually appealing and easy to use.

   During this quarter, the team has kept these applications up-to-date:
     * audio/xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin 0.2.4
     * multimedia/xfce4-parole 0.8.1
     * x11/xfce4-whiskermenu-plugin 1.5.2

   We also follow the unstable releases (available in our experimental
   repository) of:
     * x11/xfce4-dashboard 0.5.4

Open tasks:

    1. Propose a patch to upstream to fix Xfdashboard with our version of
       OpenGL (it currently coredumps).
     __________________________________________________________________

"FreeBSD Mastery: Specialty Filesystems" Early Access Version Now Available

   Links
   Book site
    URL: https://www.michaelwlucas.com/nonfiction/fmsf
   Early access version
    URL: https://www.tiltedwindmillpress.com/?product=fmspf

   Contact: Michael Lucas <mwlucas_at_michaelwlucas.com>

   FreeBSD Mastery: Specialty Filesystems is now in copyediting. The ebook
   should be available by the end of January at all major vendors, and the
   print in February.

   The book covers everything from removable media, to FUSE, NFSv4 ACLs,
   iSCSI, CIFS, and more.

   If you act really quickly, you can get the electronic early access
   version at a 10% discount. You will get the final ebook when it comes
   out as well. (This offer evaporates when the final version comes out.)
     __________________________________________________________________

style(9) Enhanced to Allow C99 bool

   Links
   Bruce's Email Requesting bool be Added to style(9)
    URL: https://lists.FreeBSD.org/pipermail/svn-src-head/2015-December/079671.html
   Differential Revision for the Change
    URL: https://reviews.FreeBSD.org/D4384

   Contact: Bruce Evans <brde_at_optusnet.com.au>
   Contact: Conrad Meyer <cem_at_FreeBSD.org>

   Use of bool is now allowed. It was allowed previously, as well, but now
   it is really allowed. Party like it's 1999!

   This project is sponsored by EMC / Isilon Storage Division.

Open tasks:

    1. Specify style(9)'s opinion on iso646.h.
    2. Fix intmax_t to be 128-bit on platforms where __int128_t is used.
     __________________________________________________________________

HardenedBSD

   Links
   HardenedBSD Website
    URL: https://hardenedbsd.org/
   Introducing HardenedBSD's New Binary Updater
    URL: https://hardenedbsd.org/article/shawn-webb/2015-12-31/introducing-hardenedbsds-new-binary-updater
   secadm Beta Published
    URL: https://hardenedbsd.org/article/shawn-webb/2015-11-22/introducing-secadm-030-beta-01
   New Package Building Server
    URL: https://hardenedbsd.org/article/admin/2015-11-22/new-package-building-server
   secadm
    URL: https://github.com/HardenedBSD/secadm
   HardenedBSD Haswell Support
    URL: https://github.com/HardenedBSD/hardenedBSD-playground/tree/hardened/experimental/master-i915
   Nightly Builds for HardenedBSD Haswell Support
    URL: http://jenkins.hardenedbsd.org/builds/HardenedBSD-CURRENT-i915kms-amd64-LATEST/

   Contact: Shawn Webb <shawn.webb_at_hardenedbsd.org>
   Contact: Oliver Pinter <oliver.pinter_at_hardenedbsd.org>

   HardenedBSD has been hard at work improving the performance and
   stability of our security enhancements. Security flags are now
   per-thread instead of per-process, removing some locking overhead. ASLR
   for mmap(MAP_32BIT) requests has been refactored, but lib32 is now
   disabled by default.

   We have developed a new binary update utility, hbsd-update, akin to
   freebsd-update. In addition to normal OS installs, it can also update
   jails and ZFS Boot Environments (ZFS BEs). Updates are signed using
   X.509 certificates.

   secadm 0.3-beta has landed. It has been rewritten from scratch to be
   more efficient. As part of the rewrite, the rule syntax has changed and
   users must update their rulesets as described in the README.

   Thanks to generous donations of a server from G2, Inc and hosting from
   Automated Tendencies, we can now do full package builds in just 35
   hours, down from 75 hours. This machine will also provide weekly binary
   updates for the kernel and base system.

   Owing partly to the needs of the developers, we have an experimental
   branch that includes the work Jean-Sébastien Pédron has under way for
   Haswell graphics support, on top of FreeBSD 11-current. Binary updates
   are also provided for this branch.

   Unfortunately, in order to focus our efforts on improving HardenedBSD,
   we have had to pull back from submitting our ASLR patches to FreeBSD.
   The past two years' efforts to address comments on the submission have
   taken their toll, and the effort is no longer sustainable. We are proud
   to be based on FreeBSD and believe that the whole community could
   benefit from the security technologies we are developing. We hope that
   someone else will be able to step forward and finish off the task of
   integrating ASLR into FreeBSD.

   This project is sponsored by Automated Tendencies, G2, Inc, and
   SoldierX.
     __________________________________________________________________

NanoBSD Modernization

   Contact: Warner Losh <imp_at_FreeBSD.org>

   This quarter's NanoBSD updates target three main areas. First, building
   a NanoBSD image required root privileges. Second, building for embedded
   platforms required detailed knowledge of the format required to boot.
   Third, the exact image sizes needed to be known to produce an image.

   When NanoBSD was written, FreeBSD's build system required root
   privileges for the install step and onward. NanoBSD added to this by
   creating a md(4) device in which to construct the image. Some
   configurations of NanoBSD added further to this by creating a chroot in
   which to cleanly build packages. NanoBSD solves the first problem using
   the new NO_ROOT build option to create a meta file. NanoBSD also
   augments this record as files are created and removed. The meta file is
   then fed into makefs(8) to create a UFS image with the proper
   permissions. The UFS image, and sometimes a DOS FAT partition, are then
   passed to mkimg(1) to create the final SD image. The mtree manipulation
   has been written as a separate script to allow it to move into the base
   system where it could assist with other build orchestration tools
   (though the move has not happened yet).

   The detailed knowledge of how to build each embedded image (as well as
   some of the base images for qemu) has always been hard to enshrine.
   Crochet puts this knowledge into its builds. The FreeBSD release system
   puts it into its system. NanoBSD, prior to the current work, provided
   no way to access its knowledge of how to build images. The current
   state of this project allows the user to set a simple image type and
   have NanoBSD deal with all of the details needed to create that image
   type. This includes using the u-boot ports and installing the right
   files into a FAT partition so that FreeBSD can boot with ubldr(8),
   creating the right boot1.elf file for powerpc64 qemu booting, or the
   more familiar (though needlessly complicated) x86 setup. Previous
   versions of NanoBSD required too much specialized knowledge from the
   user. This work aims to concentrate the knowledge into a set of simple
   scripts for any build orchestration system to use.

   Finally, NanoBSD images in the past have needed very specific knowledge
   of the target device. Part of this is a legacy of the BIOS
   state-of-the-art a decade ago, which required very careful matching of
   the image to the actual device in the deployed system. Although
   relevant at the time, such systems are now vanishingly rare. Support
   for them will be phased out (though given the flexibility of NanoBSD,
   it can be moved to the few remaining examples in the tree and also
   partially covered by the generic image scripts). Today, the typical use
   case is to create an SD or microSD card image, and have the image
   resize itself on boot. NanoBSD now supports that workflow.

   In addition to these items, a number of minor improvements have been
   made:
     * Support for CPUTYPE-specialized builds. This includes both NanoBSD
       support as well as important bug fixes in the base system.
     * Support for marking MBR partitions as active.
     * Support for more partition types.

Open tasks:

    1. mkimg(8) needs to be augmented to create images for the i.MX6 and
       Allwinner (and others) SoCs. These SoCs require a boot image to be
       written after the MBR, but before the first partition starts.
    2. The chroot functionality of some NanoBSD configurations has not yet
       been migrated for non-privileged builds.
    3. The functionality to manipulate mtree(8) files should be moved into
       the base system for use by other build orchestration tools.
    4. The script to create a bootable image from one or more trees of
       files, as well as some creation of those trees, should be moved
       into the base system for use with other build orchestration tools.
    5. The growfs functionality works great for single images growing to
       the whole disk. However, NanoBSD would prefer that the boot
       FS/partition grow to approximately 1/2 the size of the media and
       another identical (or close) partition be created for the
       ping-ponging upgrades that NanoBSD is setup for. This needs to be
       implemented in the growfs rc.d(8) script.
     __________________________________________________________________

relaunchd

   Links
   Development tree on GitHub
    URL: https://github.com/mheily/relaunchd

   Contact: Mark Heily <mark_at_heily.com>

   The relaunchd project provides a service management daemon that is
   similar to the original launchd introduced in Apple OS X.

   It is not limited to the original features of launchd, however:
   interesting work is being done to add support for launching programs in
   jails, passing socket descriptors from the host to a jail, and
   launching programs within a preconfigured capsicum(4) sandbox.
   Additionally, relaunchd uses UCL for its configuration files, so jobs
   can be defined in JSON or other formats supported by UCL.

   While there is still work to be done, most of the important features of
   the original launchd have been implemented, and relaunchd has been made
   available in the FreeBSD Ports Collection. It should still be
   considered experimental and not ready for production use, but everyone
   is welcome to try it, report issues, and contribute code or ideas for
   improvement.

Open tasks:

    1. Add support for restarting jobs if they crash.
    2. Implement the cron(8) emulation feature.
    3. Add support for monitoring files and directories for changes and
       launching jobs when changes are detected.
    4. Finish things that are incomplete, such as support for jails and
       passing open socket descriptors to child processes.
    5. Improve the documentation and provide more examples of usage.
     __________________________________________________________________

System Initialization and Service Management

   Links
   A Comparison of init(8) and rc(8) Replacements
    URL: http://www.daemonspawn.org/2016/01/a-comparison-of-alternatives-to-init8.html

   Contact: Mark Heily <mark_at_heily.com>
   Contact: Jonathan de Boyne Pollard
   <J.deBoynePollard-newsgroups_at_NTLWorld.COM>
   Contact: Jordan Hubbard <jkh_at_FreeBSD.org>

   There are three active projects to provide an alternative to the
   traditional init(8) and rc(8) subsystems that manage the boot process
   and system services. There are a number of reasons driving the desire
   for change, including:
     * Faster boot times, made possible by launching services in parallel
     * Greater reliability, by ensuring that services are automatically
       restarted if they terminate unexpectedly
     * Simplified dependency management, using socket activation and
       similar techniques
     * The ability to launch services "on demand", and have them
       self-terminate when idle
     * Improved security, by removing the need to start common daemons as
       the root user

   Two of the projects, launchd and relaunchd, are based on the launchd(8)
   API introduced by Apple in Mac OS X. The NextBSD project has ported the
   original Apple source code by writing a Mach compatibility layer that
   allows launchd to run on FreeBSD. The relaunchd project started from
   scratch with the goal of creating a more modular, lightweight, and
   portable implementation of the launchd API. The third project, nosh, is
   a unique creation that borrows concepts from launchd, systemd, and
   several other Unix operating systems.

   While the FreeBSD Project has not made a decision to replace the
   current init(8) and rc(8) subsystems, the existence and active
   development of alternatives will continue to drive innovation in this
   space.

   Jordan Hubbard is the contact point for the NextBSD launchd, Jonathan
   de Boyne Pollard is the contact point for nosh, and Mark Heily is the
   contact point for relaunchd.
     __________________________________________________________________

The FreeBSD Foundation

   Links
   Foundation Website
    URL: http://www.FreeBSDFoundation.org/
   FreeBSD Journal
    URL: http://FreeBSDJournal.com/

   Contact: Deb Goodkin <deb_at_FreeBSDFoundation.org>

   The FreeBSD Foundation is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated
   to supporting and promoting the FreeBSD Project and community
   worldwide. Funding comes from individual and corporate donations and is
   used to fund and manage development projects, conferences and developer
   summits, and provide travel grants to FreeBSD developers. The
   Foundation purchases hardware to improve and maintain FreeBSD
   infrastructure and publishes FreeBSD white papers and marketing
   material to promote, educate, and advocate for the FreeBSD Project. The
   Foundation also represents the FreeBSD Project in executing contracts,
   license agreements, and other legal arrangements that require a
   recognized legal entity.

   Here are some highlights of what we did to help FreeBSD last quarter:

   On the advocacy front, the Foundation attended and sponsored
   EuroBSDcon, which took place Oct 1-4 (https://2015.eurobsdcon.org/) in
   Stockholm, Sweden. Two days prior, during the developer summit, Deb
   Goodkin ran a session on Recruiting to FreeBSD. The Foundation was also
   very active during the event itself; in addition to Deb, we had Dru
   Lavigne, Kirk McKusick, Erwin Lansing, Ed Maste, Hiroki Sato, Benedict
   Reuschling, and Edward Tomasz Napiera³a attend the conference. Deb and
   Ed gave a presentation on how the Foundation supports a BSD project.
   Kirk gave a presentation on "a Brief History of the BSD Fast File
   System," and he taught the two-day tutorial "Introduction to the
   FreeBSD Open-Source Operating System."

   Deb then attended the 2015 Grace Hopper Conference that was held in
   Houston, TX, October 14-16. The conference is for women in computing
   and most of the attendees were female computer science majors, female
   software developers, and college professors. The Foundation was proud
   to be a Silver Sponsor. The conference was very successful for us. Our
   presence allowed us to raise awareness of the Project, help recruit
   more women, and get more professors to include FreeBSD in their
   curriculum.

   George V. Neville-Neil traveled to Bangkok, Thailand to present talks
   on DTrace, FreeBSD, and teaching with DTrace. The talks were presented
   at Chulalongkorn University, which is the largest University in
   Thailand with the largest engineering school. The first talk was the
   practitioner's introduction to DTrace in which the technology, history
   and usage is explained without diving into all the kernel subsystems.
   The second was the sales pitch for teaching with Dtrace and with
   FreeBSD. The pitch was well received and there were some very good
   points made by the audience. The facts that the course materials are
   both open source and hosted on github were also well received.

   Kirk McKusick completed a 10-hour tutorial about FreeBSD for Pearson
   Education in their "Live Lesson" program. In particular, there is a
   great free snippet from that course comparing FreeBSD against Linux
   here: http://youtu.be/dTpqALCwQ1Y?a. Find out more about the whole
   session at:
   http://click.linksynergy.com/fs-bin/click?id=NZS3W7D*uS0&subid=&offerid=163217.1&type=10&tmpid=3559&RD_PARM1=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.informit.com%252Fstore%252Fintroduction-to-the-freebsd-open-source-operating-system-9780134305868.

   Anne Dickison resumed the Faces of FreeBSD series with interviews
   featuring Michael Dexter and Erin Clark. She also continued to produce
   and distribute FreeBSD materials for conferences, as well as advocating
   for FreeBSD over our social channels.

   George V. Neville-Neil headed up the latest Silicon Valley Vendor and
   Developer Summit, November 2-3, at the NetApp campus in Sunnyvale,
   California. Topics of discussion ranged over new developments in
   persistent memory, the use of FreeBSD by a company that builds
   rackscale systems, developments in our compiler and tool suite, as well
   as others. Additional Foundation Board and Staff attending the summit
   included: Deb Goodkin, Glen Barber, Justin T. Gibbs, Kirk McKusick, Ed
   Maste, and Hiroki Sato. The complete schedule, and some of the slides,
   are available on the FreeBSD Wiki
   https://wiki.freebsd.org/201511VendorDevSummit .

   Notes from the always lively "Have/Need/Want session" are available at
   https://wiki.freebsd.org/201511VendorDevSummit/HaveNeedWant .

   While in the Bay Area, some Foundation members visited commercial users
   of FreeBSD to help understand their needs, update them on the work the
   Foundation is doing, and facilitate collaboration between them and the
   Project.

   We were a sponsor of the 2015 OpenZFS Developer Summit, which took
   place October 19-20, in San Francisco, CA. Justin T. Gibbs and Kirk
   McKusick attended the conference.

   Justin T. Gibbs continued his semester long class teaching Intro to
   Computer Science using FreeBSD at a middle school.

   Ed Maste, Edward Tomasz Napiera³a, and Konstantin Belousov continue to
   make progress on Foundation funded development projects. More
   specifically:
     * Ed Worked on a number of items relating to the tool chain: LLD
       linker, ELF Tool Chain components, and LLDB debugger, and tested,
       integrated, and merged outstanding UEFI work.
     * Edward finished work on the reroot project as well as spending some
       time on a certificate-transparency port. He also implemented a
       prototype to support disk IO limit in RCTL.
     * Konstantin rewrote the out of memory killer logic, which, in
       particular, fixed FreeBSD operation on systems without swap,
       especially systems with very little memory. The latter are becoming
       more and more common with the popularity of embedded ARM platforms
       where FreeBSD runs, but it also affects large systems which are
       usually configured without swap. He also finalized and committed
       the shared page support for the ARMv7 and ARMv8 systems. This
       allows for a non-executable stack on ARMv7, and a much faster
       userspace gettimeofday(2) for both, similar to x86.

   Ed Maste presented a FreeBSD/arm64 talk and a hands-on demo at ARM
   Techcon, which took place November 10-12, 2015, in Santa Clara, CA.

   We continued publishing our monthly newsletters and acquiring new
   company testimonials about using FreeBSD, including from Verisign and
   Nginx.

   Anne Dickison, Dru Lavigne, and Glen Barber represented the Foundation
   at USENIX LISA '15, which took place November 3-8, in Washington D.C..
   The Foundation had a booth in the Expo Hall and participated in a BoF.
   Besides connecting with current community members, we spoke with
   attendees who were interested in getting involved with the Project and
   helped set them on the correct path. We also took the opportunity to
   remind those who had not used FreeBSD in a while what they were
   missing. Glen also attended the USENIX Release Engineering Summit,
   which was co-located with LISA '15.

   We published the Sept/Oct and Nov/Dec issues of the FreeBSD Journal.

   George V. Neville-Neil and Robert Watson announced the release of their
   TeachBSD initiative: http://teachbsd.org/. TeachBSD offers a set of
   open source reusable course materials designed to allow others to teach
   both university students and software practitioners FreeBSD operating
   system fundamentals. The Foundation is proud to have partly sponsored
   their efforts to teach the initial graduate level course on operating
   systems with tracing at the University of Cambridge.

   Deb Goodkin invited a representative from the Outreachy program to talk
   at the Ottawa FreeBSD Developer Summit about the program and how we can
   get involved.

   Deb also started discussions with CS professors from the University of
   Colorado, Boulder to offer some Intro to FreeBSD workshops.

   Glen Barber continued wearing many hats to support to the Project. For
   Release Engineering:
     * Added support for building BANANAPI, CUBIEBOARD, and CUBIEBOARD2
       arm images.
     * Deprecated the use of MD5 checksums for verifying installation
       media downloaded from the FreeBSD Project mirrors.
     * Various miscellaneous updates and fixes to release build code.
     * Continued providing regular development snapshot builds.

   Under Systems Administration:
     * Assisted the Admins team with migrating various services to two new
       colocation facilities near Sunnyvale, generously provided by
       RootBSD and LimeLight Networks.
     * Moved email services for the Foundation to a new server.

   Ed Maste attended the Reproducible Builds World Summit, which took
   place in Athens, Greece, December 1-3, 2015.

   We wrapped up our 2015 fundraising efforts with our End-of-Year
   fundraising campaign by participating in #GivingTuesday, and continuing
   with weekly email and social media requests for support of the
   Foundation. Final fundraising numbers will be available in Q1 2016.
     __________________________________________________________________
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Received on Thu Feb 04 2016 - 03:35:44 UTC

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